Active clinical trials for "Brain Injuries, Traumatic"

The overall aim of the MAST trial is to define best practice in the use of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) for patients following a traumatic brain injury (TBI). The trial will consist of two parts. The first part aims to answer whether a shorter or a longer course of AEDs is better to prevent further seizures in patients who have started having seizures following TBI (MAST - duration). The second part aims to answer whether a 7-day course of either Phenytoin or Levetiracetam should be used for patients with a serious TBI to prevent seizures from starting (MAST- prophylaxis).

The overarching goal of this study is to improve understanding of the long-range natural history of TBI and post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) by extending follow-up of a previously enrolled cohort (TRACK-TBI) beyond the first 12 months after injury.

The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of visual and auditory distractions on SCAT5 scores. The study is designed to identify the effects of about 80 participants completing the SCAT5 in college-aged athletes. All participants will perform the same tasks in two settings (distracted and non-distracted). The central hypothesis is that there will be a significant association between distractions and a lower score on the SCAT5. The cognitive screening, neurological screen, and mBESS should showcase a decrease scores during the distracted environment.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability in trauma patients. As the primary injury cannot be reversed, management strategies must focus on preventing secondary injury by avoiding hypotension and hypoxia and maintaining appropriate cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), which is a surrogate for cerebral blood flow (CBF). The goal should be euvolemia and avoidance of hypotension. The assessment of a patient's body fluid status is a challenging task for modern clinicians. The use of Ultrasonography to assess body fluids has numerous advantages. The concept of using lung ultrasound for monitoring the patient is one of the major innovations that emerged from recent studies. Pulmonary congestion may be semiquantified using lung ultrasound and deciding how the patient tolerates fluid. Inferior vena cava (IVC) sonography and point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has become widely used as a tool to help clinicians prescribe fluid therapy. Common POCUS applications that serve as guides to fluid administration rely on assessments of the inferior vena cava to estimate preload and lung ultrasound to identify the early presence of extravascular lung water and avoid fluid over resuscitation In this study we will use the measurements of both lung and IVC together to guide fluid dosage in critically ill patients with TBI. We will also use ONSD as a mirror for intra-cranial pressure (ICP).

To test whether measures of cortical excitability derived from motor cortex transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in patients with traumatic brain injury reflect heightened excitability relative to healthy controls and whether such measures can be used to distinguish patients with post-traumatic epilepsy from patients with head trauma but no epilepsy

Discover, optimize, standardize, and validate clinical-trial measures and biomarkers used to diagnose and differentiate cardiovascular, oncologic, neurologic, and other diseases and disorders. Specifically, our research study endeavors to improve disease and disorder diagnosis to the earliest clinical states, in preclinical states, and to develop ensemble multivariate biomarker risk scores leading to cardiovascular, oncologic, neurologic, and other diseases and disorders. Additionally, the study aims to: Evaluate data analysis techniques to improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce time to diagnosis. Evaluate data analysis techniques to improve risk stratification for participants through machine learning algorithms. Direct participants to relevant and applicable clinical trials.

The goal is to derive and a clinical decision rule for safe exclusion of traumatic brain injury without neuroimaging in head-injured ED patients who take anticoagulant medications. The objectives are to: Derive and externally validate a new highly sensitive and maximally specific clinical decision rule for the exclusion of traumatic brain injury in head-injured ED patients who take anticoagulant medications; and, Estimate the sensitivity and specificity of existing head injury clinical decision rules in head-injured ED patients who take anticoagulant medications.

Visual dysfunction after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is common but often remain undiscovered during longer periods of time. No valid, reliable and easy-to-use screening instrument for uncovering visual dysfunction exists. Furthermore, it is unknown whether optometric measurements currently used in assessing vision problems are consistent with patients' subjective complaints experienced in everyday life. A better understanding of patients' visual challenges combined with objective measurements, will contribute to a better and more efficient diagnostic investigation and treatment. The aim of this study is to get a better understanding of patients who are suffering from visual dysfunction after mTBI. This understanding will be gained by: developing and validating a questionnaire for uncovering subjective visual complaints in subjects with mTBI. developing eye tracking based screening tools applicable both in- and outside of optometry clinics examining relationships between self-reported data, eye tracking measurements and optometric measurements. The study will consist of N = 200 subjects. N = 100 of the subjects are suffering from mTBI (commotio group). The second group N = 100 is the non-injured group that preferably will consist of relatives to the subjects in the commotio group. The subjects in both groups have to answer the questionnaires regarding subjective visual complains, undergo optometric tests and undergo eye tracking measurements.

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of a Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT) examination in identifying participants diagnosed with concussion who display a directional preference compared to who don't display a directional preference.

Hyponatremia (HN) is the most common electrolytic disorder in the traumatic brain injury (TBI) population, found in 17 to 51% of patients according to the series. Two etiologies predominate in the literature, the Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti Diuretic Hormone (SIADH) and the Cerebral Salt Waste Syndrome (CSW), but none has been precisely described in terms of epidemiology, risk factors or severity. Moreover, SIADH and CSH were often confused in previous works. The main goal of our study is to assess retrospectively prevalence, severity, time to onset, length, risk factors of HN in a large population of TBI patients, as well as treatment modalities and prognosis. A specific distinction was performed between SIADH or CSW.