Active clinical trials for "Thyroid Neoplasms"

We aim to assess the incidence of oral and dental adverse events after high-dose radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer.

Aldosterone excess can cause oxidative stress leading to DNA damage in vitro and in vivo. Single case reports demonstrated a coincidence of primary aldosteronism (PA) with different malignancies. A higher prevalence of thyroid nodules and non-toxic multinodular goiter was described in patients with PA compared to those with essential hypertension (EH). A single study showed an association between PA and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), but without a paired control group. Objective: To assess PA prevalence in a transversal cohort of patients with PTC and EH compared to a paired control group with HT.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate safety and effectiveness of normal parathyroid tissue reimplantation in forearm subcutaneous tissue in case of accidental removal of parathyroid gland during thyroid surgery.

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and its incidence is rapidly increasing. Palpable thyroid nodules are very common, affecting up to 5% of the general population. Nevertheless, only 5% of the thyroid nodules harbor malignancy, hence the obvious need to accurately characterise these nodules. Ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the most important tool in assessing the nature of thyroid nodules, however, in up to 30% of the biopsies the results are indeterminate. In this proposal, the investigators hypothesize that leftover cells in the FNAB needle may be utilized for molecular analysis with an established microRNA panel and distinguish between malignant and benign lesions. Despite established studies on the diagnostic utility of microRNAs in thyroid nodules, the effect of microRNAs on specific target genes involved in thyroid cancer is poorly studied. In this proposal the investigators hypothesize that the microRNAs identified in our panel will affect intracellular pathways by regulating target genes that are involved in thyroid tumorigenesis. The investigators present preliminary data that confirms that microRNA panel may identify malignancy in thyroid nodules. In aim 1 the investigators will identify the expression profile of miRNAs in the different thyroid cancers. the investigators will statistically quantify the threshold of miRNA dysregulation for malignancy on a large number of tumor and benign samples. This will serve as matrix for defining malignancy on the FNAB samples. In aim 2 the investigators will establish a reliable reproducible method to extract RNA from cells left over in FNAB samples. the investigators' preliminary data support the feasibility of the method and it has not been described previously. This will be the first study that will compare cytology results and microRNA panel analysis on the very same FNAB cells. It will mimic the exact clinical scenario that such microRNA panel can be utilized in the future. Finally, in aim 3 the investigators will characterize the effect of microRNAs on target genes expression. the investigators will identify possible target genes from bioinformatics databases and will perform quantitative measurement of mRNA level of target gene by real time PCR and immunohistochemistry. These studies will hopefully support the utility of microRNAs as a diagnostic tool to accurately identify malignancy in thyroid FNAB leftover cells and point out possible target genes for future therapeutic approaches. This could impact many patients, as thyroid cancer is the 5th most common cancer in women, and the most rapidly growing malignancy in both men and women.

Vandetanib has been approved for patients with unresectable and/or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) by the Food and Drug Administration, by the European Medicines Agency and, very recently, it has been licensed also by the Italian Regulatory Agency (AIFA) for the use in Italy. Vandetanib is an orally tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and RET signaling. Circulating microRNAs levels could be influenced by the treatment procedures and we hypothesize that a TKI therapy could influence the levels of circulating miRNAs as well. Aim of this project is to seek non-invasive molecular markers potentially useful as prognostic tools for metastatic MTC patients.

To study the protective effect of suture parathyroid marker method on the function of parathyroid gland in thyroid cancer surgery

The investigators expected to enroll 30 patients with papillary, follicular or anaplastic thyroid cancer, and collect their urine samples before operation, immediately after operation, post-operative 3, 6 12 months. The investigators will analyze the urine exosomal proteins and probable biological markers. The investigators hope to find the prognostic biological markers via this prospective study. The investigators further hope to find newly therapeutic mechanism and medications for such patients with poorly-differentiated or anaplastic thyroid cancer.

Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy. Surgery is the standard therapeutic approach for patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), followed by radioiodine (RAI) therapy if indicated. For women with DTC, the effects of RAI therapy on gonadal and reproductive function are an important consideration. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of RAI therapy on ovarian function.

Sonazoid as a new generation of ultrasound contrast agent. This study based on the features of Sonazoid specific angiography and high mechanical index, the role of Sonazoid in the differential diagnosis of thyroid benign and malignant tumors was explored.

Background After diagnosing well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC), careful assessment of the risk for disease-specific recurrence is essential for deciding between partial (low risk) and completion (high risk) thyroidectomies. Patients' preoperatively determined risk levels are re-stratified according to surgical and final histopathological findings. The American Thyroid Association 2015 guidelines suggest that patients with WDTC between 1-4 cm in size and without suspicious features may be suitable candidates for partial thyroidectomy. The incidence and clinical implications of high-risk features discovered postoperatively in patients with preoperatively determined low-risk WDTC have not been previously reported. Methods All thyroidectomies performed between 2006-2018 in the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center were included. Pre- and postoperative risk stratifications were performed, and the rate of completion thyroidectomy was determined. Patients with 1-4 cm WDTC without evidence of positive cervical lymph nodes, invasion to adjacent structures, or high-risk cytology were considered at low risk for disease-specific recurrence and therefore suitable for lobectomy.