Active clinical trials for "Thyroid Neoplasms"

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common subtype of thyroid cancer. The most common site of PTC nodal metastases is the central neck, which has a reported rate of lymph node metastases as high as 50%~70%. Central neck dissection has important value to ensure accurate clinical staging and surgical planning. As a novel lymphatic tracer, carbon nanoparticles (CN) have been applied successfully in the detection of sentinel lymph nodes in breast and gastric cancers, while not been used as a lymphatic tracer for PTC. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether the use of CN facilitates the detection of lymph nodes, increases the number of metastatic lymph nodes removed, accurately reflects the metastatic condition of the central neck, and has the potential to protect the parathyroid glands.

To compare the effects and safety of Anlotinib with placebo in patients with Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.

One hundred twenty female patients who underwent thyroidectomy were evenly distributed into three groups: conventional access (CA), aesthetic principles access (APA) and minimally invasive access (MIA). The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was used as the assessment tool for the linear scar. After one year follow-up, the cosmetic outcomes were assessed.

The purpose of this Phase II single-arm study is to evaluate the efficacy of Radium-223 in treating bone lesions from differentiated thyroid cancer that are I-131 refractory. Based on the results of the phase III trial, the protocol using an injection of Radium-223 activity of 50 kBq/kg b.w. given 6 times at 4 weeks interval will be applied. The end point of this study will be the evaluation of Radium-223 efficacy one month after 3 administrations, i.e. at 3 months after the first injection. If disease progression at that time is excluded, patients will be treated with 3 further injections for a total of 6 administrations of Radium-223. The principal response criterion at 3 and 6 months will be the metabolic response on FDG PET/CT, but other imaging techniques will also be performed: axial skeleton MRI, 99mTc-HMDP bone scan and FNa PET/CT. Axial skeleton MRI is the reference for soft tissue study. 99mTc- HMDP bone scan is the most used and available routine tool to detect bone metastases in cancer patients, but its sensitivity in patients with bone metastases from thyroid cancer is low, because most lesions are lytic [23]. 18FNa PET/CT shows higher sensitivity than 99mTc-HMDP bone scan to detect bone lesions in cancer patients and is able to detect micrometastases that are not seen on bone scan [24] [25]. Preliminary results show some interest of using this tracer to evaluate the sclerotic component of bone metastases from thyroid cancer [26]. Furthermore preliminary data show that FNa PET/CT can be useful to quantify response to Radium-223 in prostate cancer. In only five patients evaluated by FNa PET/CT at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks after 100 KBq/Kg of Radium-223, semiquantitative analysis by SUV max showed a relationship between PSA and SUV max level decrease in 3 patients (-44%, -31%, -27% vs -52%, -75, and -49% respectively) [27]. Finally bone metastases that are visible on morphological imaging (CT scan or on RI) are frequently submitted to local treatment modalities, and this may induce fibrosis and recalcification. Therefore, already treated metastases and not treated metastases will be studied separately as two separate subgroups of target lesions.

Phase I/II Clinical Trial of Dose-tolerance, Pharmacokinetics and Iodine Uptake Effects For Recombinant Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone In Post-thyroidectomized Patients

To assess the pain relief and the hemodynamic stability of ropivacaine with epinephrine in BABA endoscopic and robotic thyroidectomy.

This study is to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of E7080 when orally administered once daily (QD) in subjects with advanced thyroid cancer.

Open-label Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of Vandetanib 300 mg/day in Japanese Patients with Unresectable Locally Advanced or Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.

For the treatment of thyroid cancer with the so called targeted therapy the angiogenesis pathway has several potential targets. The Receptors for Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and especially VEGFR-2 is considered to be crucial for the initiation of the formation as well as the maintenance of tumor vasculature. In thyroid cancer these VEGF receptors (VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2), VEGF itself and receptors of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and for the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are often overexpressed. Other cells as pericytes and smooth muscle cells that are also involved in tumor angiogenesis express these receptors as well. Inhibitors of the VEGFR or PDGFR pathway have been tested in thyroid cancer with positive results. However there is no treatment that is generally considered as standard of care for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) or medullar thyroid cancer (MTC) who have progressed on one line of therapy. The classical cytotoxic chemotherapy has not shown a clinically meaningful benefit yet. Nintedanib is a triple angiogenesis inhibitor which inhibits receptors of VEGF, FGF and PDGF. Therefore it might act not only on endothelial cells but also on pericytes and smooth muscle cells. Nintedanib also interacts with other kinases such as RET. Because of this multi-kinase activity rationale exists to investigate the effect in MTC and DTC. Because it targets these three major angiogenesis signaling pathways it might prevent further tumor growth and related tumor escape mechanisms. Therefore nintedanib may be active in patients who have progressed on agents that target only one pathway.

The investigators intend to determine the role of Seprafilm, a popular anti-adhesive agent in minimising internal adhesion formation in the neck after thyroid surgery and therefore reduce swallowing discomfort experienced by patients after surgery.