Active clinical trials for "Thyroid Neoplasms"

The purpose of this study is to examine the safety and evaluate the response of VB-111 on DTC.

Background: Patients who have advanced thyroid cancer have a low long-term survival rate. These types of thyroid cancer do not respond well to conventional surgery or radiation, or to specific thyroid cancer treatments such as radioactive iodine treatment and thyroid hormone for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression. Valproic acid has long been approved as an anticonvulsant to treat seizures in patients with epilepsy. It has also been used to treat bipolar disorder. Recent studies have shown that valproic acid has promising effects in thyroid cancer treatment because it may help destroy cancer cells and help conventional treatments be more effective. However, valproic acid is not approved for thyroid cancer and is therefore an investigational drug. Objectives: To determine whether valproic acid can inhibit tumor growth or induce tumor cell death. To determine whether valproic acid can make tumor cells increase their uptake of radioiodine. Eligibility: - Individuals at least 18 years of age who have advanced-stage thyroid cancer that is either unresponsive to conventional treatments or fails to absorb radioiodine. Design: Eligible participants will continue on the standard thyroid hormone suppression therapy and begin receiving valproic acid for a total of 10 weeks. Participants will keep a study diary to record doses and side effects, and will have regular clinic visits to provide blood samples and receive additional valproic acid. After 10 weeks, participants will have a Thyrogen scan to measure radioiodine uptake after valproic acid therapy. Tumor biopsies and blood samples will be taken at this time. If there is increased radioiodine uptake on the scan, participants will have additional radioiodine therapy. If there is no increased uptake on the scan, participants will continue on valproic acid for 7 more weeks. After 16 total weeks of treatment, additional blood samples and scans will be taken. Participants may continue to take valproic acid if the thyroid cancer appears to be responding to the treatment. Follow-up visits will be scheduled at 3, 6, 9 (for patients continuing on valproic acid only), and 12 months.

This phase I trial is studying the side effects and best dose of iodine I 131 when given together with pazopanib hydrochloride in treating patients with recurrent and/or metastatic thyroid cancer previously treated with iodine I 131 that cannot be removed by surgery. Radioactive drugs, such as iodine I 131, may carry radiation directly to cancer cells and not harm normal cells. Pazopanib hydrochloride may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving iodine I 131 together with pazopanib hydrochloride may be an effective treatment for thyroid cancer.

This phase II trial is studying how well aflibercept works in treating patients with recurrent and/or metastatic thyroid cancer that has not responded to radioactive iodine therapy. Aflibercept may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking blood flow to the tumor and by carrying tumor-killing substances directly to thyroid cancer cells.

The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of oral lenvatinib in participants with medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) or radioiodine (131 I)-refractory/resistant differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), unresectable differentiated thyroid cancers, stratified by Histology.

The primary objective of this clinical study is to determine whether the inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozyme CYP2C8 by XL184 observed in in vitro preclinical studies translates into the potential for clinically significant drug-drug interactions in humans. The study will measure the effect of once daily dosing of XL184 on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of rosiglitazone. The PK of XL184 when combined with rosiglitazone will be evaluated as well. A specific objective of this study is to determine whether the interaction between XL184 and a drug such as rosiglitazone is sufficiently large enough to necessitate a dosage adjustment when used in combination with XL184, or whether the interaction would require additional therapeutic monitoring. Rosiglitazone, commonly known as Avandia, is a prescription medicine approved by the FDA used to treat adults with Type 2 (adult-onset or non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus (high blood sugar). In this study, subjects will only take 2 doses of rosiglitazone. There is no intention of therapy as a result of taking rosiglitazone in this study.

Trial of sorafenib versus placebo in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer refractory to radioiodine

This study is comparing a drug called Sutent with standard of care treatment for people with advanced thyroid cancer. Because advanced thyroid cancer is becoming increasingly common and effective treatment options are limited, new therapies are desperately needed. This study is designed to see if Sutent following therapy with radioactive iodine will target cancer cells and delay disease progression better than standard therapy alone. Newly diagnosed patients, who are scheduled to receive radioactive iodine as part of their standard care are possible candidates. By entering into this study, participants agree to take oral Sutent for approximately two years after completing standard therapy. During this time, study participants will be followed closely by their doctor.

Background: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is common in people with a genetic disorder called multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN). Vandetanib is an experimental drug that blocks a defective protein receptor (rearranged during transfection (RET) receptor) found on the surface of cancer cells in people with MEN. It is thought that this protein is a primary cause of MTC in people with MEN. Objectives: To study the activity of Vandetanib in children and adolescents with MEN-related MTC by measuring the change in tumor size, in blood levels of proteins produced the tumor (calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and in tumor-related diarrhea. To determine the safety and tolerability of Vandetanib in children and adolescents. To study how the body handles Vandetanib in children and adolescents. To determine the effect of Vandetanib on the survival of children and adolescents with MTC. Eligibility: -Children and adolescents 5 to 18 years of age with MTC whose tumor cannot be surgically removed or has grown back after treatment or has metastasized (spread beyond the thyroid gland). Design: Patients take Vandetanib once a day in 28-day cycles. The first patients enrolled in the study are started on a low dose of Vandetanib to determine tolerability. Patients have periodic blood tests, electrocardiograms, and blood pressure measurements to look for side effects of Vandetanib. Blood tests and imaging scans (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), bone and octreoscan) are done every 8 weeks for the first 32 weeks of treatment and then every 16 weeks for the duration of the treatment period. Patients who have tumor-related diarrhea keep a daily record of the number and consistency of bowel movements.

This will be a Phase II, open label study to establish the effect of once-daily oral doses of ZD6474 100mg in subjects with locally advanced or metastatic hereditary medullary thyroid cancer in whom no standard therapeutic option is available.