Active clinical trials for "Thyroid Neoplasms"

This study will investigate the usefulness of an optical probe in the differentiation of thyroid cancer from normal thyroid tissue in a thyroidectomy specimen.

Human thyroglobulin (Tg) is the most sensitive biochemical marker for recurrence of differentiated cancer (DTC), especially after the complete removal of thyroid tissue through surgery and radioiodine therapy (RIT). Unfortunately, current assays for measuring Tg in blood samples are not sensitive enough to reliably measure Tg while patients are under thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Instead patients have to withdraw thyroid hormone for several weeks or receive costly injections of recombinant thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in order to raise Tg production by thyroid remnant and/or thyroid cancer cells so that it can be measured by current Tg assays. Other patients have antibodies against Tg that interfere in current immunoassays. The purpose of the study was to characterize a new highly sensitive assay for measuring Tg in the serum in thyroid cancer patients both on thyroid hormone therapy and off therapy in comparison to the normal routine assay already in use at Münster University Hospital.

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of adjuvant radioactive iodine therapy on the quality of life(QOL) in differentiated thyroid cancer patients and to identify independent factors affecting changes in the QOL.

This is a two part study; part A proposes to collect plasma samples to examine how ctDNA (circulating thyroid DNA) markers correlate with detection of recurrent disease, response to therapy, clinical outcome and pathological data. Part B aims to use tissue obtained from biopsies of primary or recurrent disease to establish cell lines and tumour explants to further investigate the biology of thyroid cancer in the preclinical setting

To find out the gap between real-world clinical practice and guideline recommendations in initial management of DTC patients To observe the characteristics of patients who achieved and did not achieve TSH target value after five year follow-up To assess response to initial therapy in patients who undergo total or neartotal thyroidectomy and RAI remnant ablation after five year follow-up (according to an modified dynamic risk stratification system) To observe the recurrence status after five year follow-up

The purpose of this study is to make a dialectical classification of patients who will receive 131I treatment after operation of thyroid cancer from the point of view of dialectics of syndrome elements of traditional Chinese medicine. By observing the changes of TSH among patients with different syndrome types, investigators can better understand the reasons for the differences in TSH changes among patients. Thus, it provides a basis for putting forward the scheme of stopping taking levothyroxine before iodine treatment, improving the quality of life of patients after radical thyroidectomy, and providing reference for individualized guidance of the timing of radioactive iodine therapy for patients after DTC.

Several studies have indicated that [124I]-PET/CT or [18F]-FDG-PET/CT may be useful to locate recurrent differentiated thyroid carcinoma lesions in patients with elevated thyroglobulin levels but who do not show pathological lesions when conventional imaging modalities are used. Thus, the investigators evaluated the effectiveness of PET/CT using both [124I] and [18F]-FDG in such patients.

The incidence of node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is high, ranging from 20% to 90%. Prophylactic central lymph node compartment dissection (CLND), suggested from the latest guidelines for high-risk tumors, meets resistance due to the high incidence of postoperative complications. Recently, new molecular biologic techniques, such as One Step Nucleic Acid Amplification (OSNA), have spread widely, allowing to quickly isolate, amplify and quantify mRNA encoding for proteins selectively present in neoplastic cells, as Cytokeratine-19. The aim of this study is to evaluate the application of OSNA to intraoperative diagnosis of node metastases of PTC.

In the present study, the severity of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (RLNI) and hypocalcemia (H) will be followed-up and the probable interrelation between them will be proposed considering the clinical situation of patients, e.g. improvement in hypocalcemia also make a positive effect on voice? (any objective sign? Ca? PTH?), return of voice is parallel with the improvement in hypocalcemia? Postoperative calcium (Ca), parathyroid hormone (PTH), regular vocal cord evaluations by ear-nose-throat (ENT) exams, deterioration-stability-improvement of clinical symptoms regarding both Ca metabolism and vocal cord function will be noted at regular intervals (postoperative day 1-3-first, weekly control/first month, monthly/first 6-month, 3-monthly/6-12 months) at outpatient controls. Serum Ca, PTH, ENT evaluation of vocal cords-noted.

Background: BRAFV600E is the most frequent oncogene in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) occurring in about 50% of cases. Clinical trials with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) with specific activity against BRAF in metastatic radioiodine-resistant DTC (MRR-DTC) are ongoing. Very recently it has been demonstrated that DTC often consists of a mixture of tumor cells with wild-type and mutant BRAF. The subclonal occurrence of BRAFV600E in MRR-DTC could disable the therapy with BRAF targeted TKI and be responsible of the frequent defeats of this treatment. A therapeutic strategy based upon BRAF inhibitors in tumors bearing subclonal BRAFV600E could be initially successful hitting the tumor cells expressing the oncogene, and after the initial tumor growth arrest and/or shrinkage, the oncogene negative cells insensitive or less sensitive to the treatment, could restart the growth of the tumor causing the progression of the disease and the escape from the clinical response. Aims: To determine the impact of subclonal BRAFV600E on the efficacy of BRAF inhibitors in the treatment of MRR-DTC. Study design: Primary tumor tissues will be analyzed for the presence of BRAFV600E by pyrosequencing or other quantitative assay. If available, synchronous metastases and post-therapy metachronous metastases will be analyzed as well. The clinical response will be determined according to RECIST, and the association with the percentage of BRAFV600E alleles will be evaluated. Attention will be paid to the possible difference of BRAFwild-type/BRAFV600E ratio between primary tumors and synchronous metastases, primary tumors and post-therapy metachronous metastases, and between responsive and resistant synchronous tumor lesions.