Active clinical trials for "Thyroid Diseases"

Several studies have indicated that [124I]-PET/CT or [18F]-FDG-PET/CT may be useful to locate recurrent differentiated thyroid carcinoma lesions in patients with elevated thyroglobulin levels but who do not show pathological lesions when conventional imaging modalities are used. Thus, the investigators evaluated the effectiveness of PET/CT using both [124I] and [18F]-FDG in such patients.

The incidence of node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is high, ranging from 20% to 90%. Prophylactic central lymph node compartment dissection (CLND), suggested from the latest guidelines for high-risk tumors, meets resistance due to the high incidence of postoperative complications. Recently, new molecular biologic techniques, such as One Step Nucleic Acid Amplification (OSNA), have spread widely, allowing to quickly isolate, amplify and quantify mRNA encoding for proteins selectively present in neoplastic cells, as Cytokeratine-19. The aim of this study is to evaluate the application of OSNA to intraoperative diagnosis of node metastases of PTC.

Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilo-sebaceous unit with a multi-factorial etiology. It is one of the most frequent cutaneous diseases, affecting more than eighty percent of the population at some point in their lives . Endocrine factors especially androgens and steroids are one of multiple factors provoked to be involved in pathogenesis of acne . Thyroid hormones have steroid like action that have many regulatory functions in many body organ functions including skin and pilosebaceous unit. Furthermore, subtle thyroid dysfunction was shown to have a role in many disease conditions. Thyroid hormone action on sebaceous glands is unclear. In hypothyroid states, sebocytes exhibit reduced rates of secretion that increases with thyroxine administration .

In the present study, the severity of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (RLNI) and hypocalcemia (H) will be followed-up and the probable interrelation between them will be proposed considering the clinical situation of patients, e.g. improvement in hypocalcemia also make a positive effect on voice? (any objective sign? Ca? PTH?), return of voice is parallel with the improvement in hypocalcemia? Postoperative calcium (Ca), parathyroid hormone (PTH), regular vocal cord evaluations by ear-nose-throat (ENT) exams, deterioration-stability-improvement of clinical symptoms regarding both Ca metabolism and vocal cord function will be noted at regular intervals (postoperative day 1-3-first, weekly control/first month, monthly/first 6-month, 3-monthly/6-12 months) at outpatient controls. Serum Ca, PTH, ENT evaluation of vocal cords-noted.

Although anamnesis and physical examination remain the place in the evaluation of patients today; laboratory values, imaging methods and pathology results have come to the fore in the decision-making of surgery for patients. As a result of all other criteria, a follow-up decision can be changed in a patient with a single fine needle aspiration biopsy result, or despite all the examinations the investigators have, a clear result cannot be achieved, and patient management may be disrupted. A holistic approach to thyroid gland pathologies is planned thanks to the scoring system that will be created in this study.

Background: BRAFV600E is the most frequent oncogene in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) occurring in about 50% of cases. Clinical trials with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) with specific activity against BRAF in metastatic radioiodine-resistant DTC (MRR-DTC) are ongoing. Very recently it has been demonstrated that DTC often consists of a mixture of tumor cells with wild-type and mutant BRAF. The subclonal occurrence of BRAFV600E in MRR-DTC could disable the therapy with BRAF targeted TKI and be responsible of the frequent defeats of this treatment. A therapeutic strategy based upon BRAF inhibitors in tumors bearing subclonal BRAFV600E could be initially successful hitting the tumor cells expressing the oncogene, and after the initial tumor growth arrest and/or shrinkage, the oncogene negative cells insensitive or less sensitive to the treatment, could restart the growth of the tumor causing the progression of the disease and the escape from the clinical response. Aims: To determine the impact of subclonal BRAFV600E on the efficacy of BRAF inhibitors in the treatment of MRR-DTC. Study design: Primary tumor tissues will be analyzed for the presence of BRAFV600E by pyrosequencing or other quantitative assay. If available, synchronous metastases and post-therapy metachronous metastases will be analyzed as well. The clinical response will be determined according to RECIST, and the association with the percentage of BRAFV600E alleles will be evaluated. Attention will be paid to the possible difference of BRAFwild-type/BRAFV600E ratio between primary tumors and synchronous metastases, primary tumors and post-therapy metachronous metastases, and between responsive and resistant synchronous tumor lesions.

The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer is increasing in Korea. A significant number of them experience severe hypothyroidism in preparation for radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy after total thyroidectomy. Because the function of thyroid hormone is closely linked with lipid and glucose metabolism, overt hypothyroidism after thyroid hormone withdrawal during RAI therapy may induce the changes of metabolic parameters. We investigate the effects of thyroid hormone withdrawal on metabolic and cardiovascular parameters during radioactive iodine therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer.

To evaluate the application value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules using fine needle aspiration.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in China. Even though advances in the field of breast cancer therapeutics, chemotherapy remains the mainstay therapeutic modality. The cytotoxic therapies are generally associated with some immediate or otherwise delayed side effects, such as adverse effects on gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal and hematological systems. The effect of chemotherapy on endocrine system, however, is comparatively less envisaged. Several epidemiological studies show a positive association between plasma thyroid hormones levels and breast cancer risk. Thyroid dysfunction is emerging as a variably common endocrine toxicity of several anticancer drugs. Due to the scarcity of data on the functioning of thyroid gland during chemotherapy in a large scale group, the present study was aimed to investigate the incidence of thyroid abnormity in Chinese women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, and also the effects of chemotherapy on thyroid gland functions or structure in these breast cancer patients undergoing at least four cycles of chemotherapy.

This study includes papillary thyroid cancer patients who have unpalpable lateral neck lymph nodes but suspicious on ultrasound and/or CT. Carbon nanoparticles is used as the tracer for lateral neck lymph node mapping.