Active clinical trials for "Thyroid Nodule"

Thyroid nodule patients with suggestion of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) offered by ultrasound are enrolled in the study. CTCs tested by Optimizing method and FNAB will be performed simultaneously. This is a double blind trial which pathologists and inspectors of CTCs don't know the result of each other. Surgical pathology and diagnostic results of FNAB is the primary endpoint and comparison will be made to see if CTCs combined with ultrasound can get similar diagnostic performance as FNAB. The diagnostic results of FNAB included Bethesda class II and more than V which are defined as benign and malignant, respectively.

Thyroid nodules are common in clinical practice. Head and neck ultrasound is recommended as a routine examination for all patients with thyroid lesions. The Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Documentation System (TIRADS) criteria helps to estimate the risk of malignancy based on ultrasound patterns and nodule sizes guiding the performance of fine-needle-aspiration (FNA). Approximately 20% of FNA results cannot be specified whether being benign or malig-nant tissue. A definitive diagnosis can only be made from histopathology after diagnostic (hemi)thyroidectomy. However, (hemi)thyroidectomy has disadvantages as it leads to over-treatment and has a risk of postoperative morbidity (e.g. hypothyroidism and laryngeal nerve injury). Furthermore, (hemi)thyroidectomy is known to be associated with poor quality of life. Clearly, there is an unmet need for additional diagnostic tools in order to identify malignant thyroid nodules and thereby support the decision making for treatment of the thyroid. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) is an innovative, non-invasive imaging method currently available in the UMCG that enables visualization of endogenous chromophores and exogenous contrast agents using the generation of ultrasound waves due to light absorption by using high frequency pulsed laser light. Recently, this system has been used by other groups for non-invasive determination of thyroid nodules. Results show that multispectral optoacoustic imaging of thyroid nodules may distinguish benign from malignant nodules. However, most certainly, a larger cohort is necessary to confirm this finding.

Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been proven to be an accurate and efficient tool in thyroid nodule evaluation. Thyroid nodule aspiration is performed by the use of either two techniques; the short axis approach by which only the tip of the needle is observed, or the long axis approach by which the entire needle is observed. Controversial remains of which approach produces better diagnostic adequacy and less non-diagnostic (Bethesda category I) results.

This study will investigate the usefulness of an optical probe in the differentiation of thyroid cancer from normal thyroid tissue in a thyroidectomy specimen.

According to the grades of echogenicity to evulated thyroid nodules is a subjective process and is thus influenced by the observer's judgement. The investigators first proposed the ultrasound gray-scale ratio (UGSR) to explore its efficacy for differentiating papillary thyroid microcarcinomas from small nodular goiters.

Evaluation of Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via Axillo-breast Approach in Thyroid Nodules regarding safety and cosmetic outcomes

Although anamnesis and physical examination remain the place in the evaluation of patients today; laboratory values, imaging methods and pathology results have come to the fore in the decision-making of surgery for patients. As a result of all other criteria, a follow-up decision can be changed in a patient with a single fine needle aspiration biopsy result, or despite all the examinations the investigators have, a clear result cannot be achieved, and patient management may be disrupted. A holistic approach to thyroid gland pathologies is planned thanks to the scoring system that will be created in this study.

In the present study, the severity of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (RLNI) and hypocalcemia (H) will be followed-up and the probable interrelation between them will be proposed considering the clinical situation of patients, e.g. improvement in hypocalcemia also make a positive effect on voice? (any objective sign? Ca? PTH?), return of voice is parallel with the improvement in hypocalcemia? Postoperative calcium (Ca), parathyroid hormone (PTH), regular vocal cord evaluations by ear-nose-throat (ENT) exams, deterioration-stability-improvement of clinical symptoms regarding both Ca metabolism and vocal cord function will be noted at regular intervals (postoperative day 1-3-first, weekly control/first month, monthly/first 6-month, 3-monthly/6-12 months) at outpatient controls. Serum Ca, PTH, ENT evaluation of vocal cords-noted.

To evaluate the application value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules using fine needle aspiration.

A clinical trial is proposed, to clinically validate, in a US population, the diagnostic performance of a new genetic test (ThyroidPrint). It will determine the nature of thyroid nodules that have been informed as indeterminate by cytology through a fine needle aspiration (FNA). The Genetic Classifier for Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules is a test that determines the expression of a panel of 10 biomarkers (CXCR3, CCR3, CXCl10, CK19, TIMP1, CLDN1, CAR, XB130, HO-1 and CCR7). Gene expression data is analyzed through an algorithm that generates a composite score that predicts the risk of malignancy. It´s intended use is for patients with thyroid cytology as indeterminate (Bethesda III and IV, according to The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology). This test uses a fine needle aspiration (FNA) sample.