Active clinical trials for "Wounds and Injuries"

The purpose of this study is to determine if a shoulder exercise program can prevent the onset of shoulder pain and improve community participation in persons who have a spinal cord injury (SCI). Upon entry into the study patients will have pain-free shoulders and will be followed for 3 years to determine rate of shoulder pain development. Patients will learn a simple shoulder home exercise program and will be instructed on techniques to protect their shoulder during wheelchair propulsion, transfers and activities of daily living. Patients will be instructed to perform the home exercise program 3 days per week. Two types of treatment (training) delivery approaches that have been documented to reduce chronic shoulder pain will be compared. The rate of shoulder pain development for the two groups will be compared to the rate of shoulder pain development in the historical control group. The investigators hypothesize that the rate of shoulder pain development will be lower in the experimental treatment groups compared to the historical control group. Any differences between the two treatment delivery approaches for the experimental treatment groups will help to provide guidelines for the most effective delivery approach of a shoulder pain prevention program.

The Aim of the Study is to Measure the Effect of Finnish Physician-staffed EMS Unit Treatment Methods on Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Patient Prognosis. Physician-staffed HEMS unit was implemented to the EMS 2011. The aim of this study is to compare the results against a historical database to see if the implementation of a HEMS unit will improve the prognosis of TBI patients.

Computed tomography (CT) scanning has become essential in the early diagnostic phase of trauma care because of its high diagnostic accuracy. The introduction of multi-slice CT scanners and infrastructural improvements made 'total body' CT scanning (TBCT) technically feasible and its usage is currently becoming common practice in several trauma centers. However, literature provides limited evidence whether immediate 'total body' CT scanning leads to better clinical outcome then conventional radiographic imaging supplemented with selective CT scanning in trauma patients. The aim of the REACT-2 trial is to determine the value of immediate TBCT scanning in trauma patients. The investigators hypothesize that immediate 'total body' CT scanning during the primary survey of severely injured trauma patients has positive effects on patient outcome compared with standard conventional ATLS based radiological imaging supplemented with selective CT scanning.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of NanoDOX™ Hydrogel in conjunction with serial wound debridement and irrigation on the healing rates of open traumatic orthopedic and soft tissue wounds when compared to a serial wound debridement and irrigation alone in patients receiving negative pressure wound therapy/vacuum assisted closure (NPWT/VAC) with reticulated open cell foam (ROCF) dressings.

Background: - People with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often have inflammation in the brain. A protein called the translocator protein (TSPO) is often present with inflammation. Researchers want to see if a radioactive chemical known as [11C]PBR28 can be used to study TSPO and inflammation in the brain of people with TBI. Objectives: - To test whether [11C]PBR28 can be used to study changes in the brain after a traumatic brain injury. Eligibility: Individuals at least 18 years of age who have had TBI and have had a brain scan that shows signs of inflammation. Healthy volunteers at least 18 years of age. Design: Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Blood and urine samples will be collected. All participants will have two brain scans during an outpatient visit. A magnetic resonance imaging scan will study brain activity. A positron emission tomography (PET) scan will use [11C]PBR28 to look for signs of TSPO and brain inflammation. Participants with TBI will have two PET scans within 10 days of the head injury, and a PET scan around 90 days after the injury. They may also have MRI scans under this or another study. Tests of thinking, memory, and concentration will be used to study the effects of the injury and inflammation

Animal and human data have supported the notion that administration of large doses of Vitamin C has beneficial effects on those subjects suffering from large burns. This effect may be due, in part, to the antioxidant and free-radical-scavenging properties of Vitamin C. These studies have demonstrated an improvement in urine output during resuscitation and reduced need for fluid volumes during resuscitation. In turn, these subjects demonstrated a reduction of wound edema, improved respiratory status (demonstrated by improvements in P:F ratios and reduced ventilator days), and no differences in terms of the possible complications of high-dose vitamin C administration between standard and treatment groups. The purpose of this study is to prospectively determine if Vitamin C can be safely used as an adjunctive treatment for patients suffering severe thermal injuries. High-dose vitamin C administered at a dose of 66mg/kg/hr during the acute phase of severe burn injuries will reduce fluid requirements in the first 48 hours after injury.

Study hypothesis: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury in liver resection performed under ischemic preconditioning and intermittent portal triad clamping.

Remote Ischemic Preconditioning (RIPC) is a treatment that may be associated with improved outcomes after cardiac surgery. It can be elicited noninvasively by using a tourniquet to elicit transient ischemia over a lower extremity. It is thought to promote anti-inflammatory and cell survival pathways, and thus protect remote organs against future ischemic injury. We hypothesize that compared to sham treatment, RIPC will be associated with decreased post-operative acute kidney, myocardial, and lung injury.

To date, few studies have been done regarding nutrition supplementation in infants with brain injury. Therefore, the investigators are proposing to study the effects of protein supplementation in this group of babies. The investigators will recruit 24 infants with brain injury (evidence of hemorrhage, white matter injury, or gray matter injury) admitted to the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) into the study. Upon diagnosis, the investigators will obtain consent from the parents for participation in the study, then randomly assign the baby to one of two groups - an increased protein group and a control group. Both groups of infants will be monitored to ensure no adverse effects occur due to the supplementation. Protein supplementation will continue for the first 12 months of age. Growth parameters, such as weight, length, and head circumference, will be measured while the infant is the NICU. Head circumference will be measured in the investigators outpatient clinic at three, six, and 12 months of age. At 18-22 months, the infants will be tested for neurodevelopmental outcomes using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The investigators hypothesize that infants who receive the additional protein will demonstrate increased head growth and improved neurodevelopmental outcomes.

This prospective study evaluates the role of negative pressure wound therapy or wound VAC as a dressing over the incision to prevent poststernotomy wound infection in high risk patients.