Active clinical trials for "Wounds and Injuries"

this study to evaluate the frequency of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients in intensive care units.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of liver injury by statins in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

In geriatric patients, there is a plethora of nutritional and illness-related parameters, resulting in a complex situation which hampers identification of risk factors.In the planned prospective study, the point and period prevalence of wound healing disorders (WHD) is examined at admission and at discharge in a cohort of 517 male and female geriatric patients. As the investigators are also interested to study the occurrence of WHD in patients with malnutrition (and other geriatric phenomena) compared to the prevalence of WHD in patients with a good nutritional Status.

It is intended to show that a computer software called Trauma Decision System (TravmaDS) for the determination of the urgency of trauma patients who applied to Emergency Medical Clinic gives more accurate, more objective, faster results than the triage scored by medical and non-medical personnel and to show the fact that TraumaDS provides more patient satisfaction.

The aims of the project are to 1) evaluate different aspects of muscle function and its role as a potential risk and/or protective factor for traumatic knee injury in youth female athletes; 2) develop and evaluate a battery of muscle function tests, easily used and requiring minimal equipment, to be applied as an on-the-field screening tool to detect muscle function deficiencies and monitoring youth female athletes at high risk of traumatic knee injury. A prospective cohort design will be used, including approximately 100 female athletes (age 15-19) from Swedish senior sports high schools who are involved in high risk sports (soccer, handball, floorball and basket). A test battery for muscle function has been developed consisting of 11 tests that previously have been used for the assessment of muscle function. The tests will be instructed and supervised by educated test leaders. Measurements will take place at the athletes' school and carried out during the first semester (autumn 2017 and 2018). Data on injury surveillance and exposure (hours of match and training participation) will be collected prospectively over two years using a web-designed registration form. All athletes will on a weekly basis report their hours of training, minutes of match play and all time-loss injuries occurring during sport activity. Details on injury mechanism and diagnosis will be collected by each school's medical staff. The present study will contribute new knowledge on the role of muscle function and develop and evaluate a battery of muscle function tests to be used as an on-the-field screening tool for monitoring youth female athletes at high risk of traumatic knee injury.

This study consists of two clinical series. With the first series investigators monitor the healing of skin grafts with bioimpedance measurements. The bioimpedance measurement is done with a purpose built patch that has electrodes in contact with the wound and reference electrodes. In the second series the investigators monitor closed operational wounds (breast reconstruction surgery patients) with bioimpedance measurements. This series is also conducted with bioimpedance measurements but the wounds are operational wounds. Both groups will have 20 patients.

In this study, the investigators aim to observe the change in alveolar macrophage function during acute lung injury.

Postoperative acute lung injury (ALI) during the first 72 hours after liver transplantation is not uncommon. Injury may occur because liver transplantation is often associated with prolonged operative time, large volumes of fluid administration and transfusion, as well as inflammatory responses related to ischemia-reperfusion injury. For more precise perioperative fluid and hemodynamic management, modern monitoring systems, such as the pulse contour cardiac output (PiCCO) system, have been devised and reported in recent years. The PiCCO system uses the thermodilution technique to determine the cardiac index (CI) and thoracic fluid indices such as the intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBVI), extravascular lung water index (EVLWI), and pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI), all of which may reflect pulmonary fluid and injury status. However, perioperative changes in thoracic fluid indices in liver transplantation and their associations with postoperative ALI are not yet clear. In this study, the investigators aimed to determine patterns of change in perioperative thoracic fluid indices and compare these changes in recipients who did or did not develop postoperative ALI. Furthermore, the investigators will also try to determine the potential risk factors following liver transplantation.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the US. The CDC states that 1.7 million people sustain a traumatic brain injury each year, with death occurring in 52,000 of these injured patients. It is also estimated that 275,000 yearly require hospitalization. The costs of TBI can be devastating to our society, with the 2010 economic cost estimated to be approximately $76.5 billion. 90% of this cost involves fatal or hospitalized brain injured patients. Furthermore, survivors of traumatic brain injury have high rates of institutionalization, readmission, and disability. The prediction of prognosis in severe TBI is a difficult problem for physicians. Prognosis evaluation in the acute phase of care varies widely among physicians caring for these patients[3]. With prognosis often in doubt, physicians have difficulty leading families and patients toward the most appropriate treatment which often leads to expensive testing and patient management. The Brain Trauma Foundation has recommended several early indicators of prognosis in severe TBI, including age, hypotension, CT scan features, Glasgow Outcome Scale score, and pupillary diameter with light reflexes. Pupillary diameter and light reflexes have been extensively studied, however accurate measurements of these prognostic factors have not been performed due to a lack of standardized measuring procedure. A new device has been validated to measure both pupil size and reactivity using infrared pupillometry. This device has also been studied to create the Neurological Pupil Index (NPi) as a measure of pupillary reactivity. The NPi has been shown to correlate with intracranial pressure readings, however there are no studies correlating the pupillometer findings with outcome measures in TBI. This study will prospectively evaluate the pupillometer readings of pupillary size and reactivity (NPi) to test the hypothesis that the NPi is a realiable predictor of 30-day outcomes in patients with severe TBI.

The purpose of this study is to determine if Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) can produce reproducible and accurate images in people with stroke or head injury compared to existing standards such as MRI, CT. Electrical Impedance Tomography is a relatively new medical imaging method, which has the potential to provide novel images of brain function. It is fast, portable, safe and inexpensive, but currently has a relatively poor spatial resolution. It produces images of the internal electrical impedance of a subject with stroke or head injury using rings of ECG like electrodes on the skin. EIT recording will take place as early as possible, usually within 24 hours of admission. Following completion of the recording, the EIT images will subsequently be analysed and compared to other imaging data for accuracy.