Active clinical trials for "Brain Injuries, Traumatic"

To compare functional connectivity after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) between a group of post-comatose TBI with restored consciousness and a group of post-comatose TBI with persistant disorder of consciousness at admission in rehabilitation

Pre-Hospital Advanced Airway Management (PHAAM) is a potentially lifesaving intervention. A recent Danish multicentre single country study demonstrated a 99,7% incidence of successful anaesthesiologist pre-hospital endotracheal intubation, with a PHAAM-related complication rate of 7.9%. A London study revealed a significantly higher intubation failure rate among non-anaesthesiologist physicians. In Scandinavia different types of emergency medical services (EMS) and professions provide PHAAM. The success rate of prehospital endotracheal intubation (PHETI), incidence of difficult intubation and complications in the Nordic countries is not known. The aim of this study is to define PHAAM success rate and complications in different types of Nordic EMS organisations and physician critical care teams. The study is a prospective observational study with collection of PHAAM data according to the template by Sollid et al. in the 12 participating Nordic Countries EMS/HEMS centres and physician critical care teams. The primary endpoint is PHETI success on ≤2 attempts and no complications.

Background: Patients with mild traumatic brain injury can to some extend experience long-term physical, cognitive, social and behavioral deficits, which have serious implications for employment trajectories and financial independence. These deficits have shown to be more pronounced in women. High socio-economic position such as income, level of education and employment status before the accident have shown to affect return to work. But also cohabitation status, ethnicity and health are important factors. Previously studies are typically self-report studies, and are often small and may suffer from selection bias due to patient nonresponse. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe no return to work among patients with mild traumatic brain injury in Denmark and to examine how factors such as age, gender, cohabitation status, socio-economic and pre-injury health factors affect no return to work up to 5 years post-injury. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that most patients with mild traumatic brain injury return to work within work 6 months post-injury, and that patients with mild traumatic brain injury injury receive more social transfer payments compared to the general population. Additionally, we hypothesize that low socio economic position, comorbidities and being single are associated with prolonged no return to work. Methods: The present study is an observational national register-based cohort study with long-term follow up of patients with mild traumatic brain injury from 1st of January 2008 - 31st of December 2012 in Denmark. Patients aged 18-60 years diagnosed with concussion from 1st of January 2003-31st of December 2007 in the national patient register will be included in the study. Data will be retrieved from several national databases, including the DREAM database containing data on social benefits and reimbursements. Primary outcome is no-return to work (nRTW) due to any cause and the following four secondary outcomes are graded and should be regarded as a continuum ranging from health related nRTW, limited nRTW, permanently nRTW and mortality. The results will be published as two separate scientific articles.

The PreTBI I study will investigate whether prehospital blood samples drawn already in the ambulance can rule-out intracranial lesions in patients suffering head trauma. The study aims to improve triage and treatment of patients suffering mild head trauma, who are considered low-risk patients. These patients do not always benefit from hospitalization, but are nevertheless admitted on precaution, as clinical assesment can be difficult. Hypotheses: A prehospital measurement of serum S100B ≤ 0,10 microgram/L in mild TBI patients rules out traumatic intracranial lesion with a sensitivity >97%. A prehospital measurement of serum GFAP (glial acidic fibrillary protein) in mild TBI patients rules out traumatic intracranial lesion with sensitivity >97% and results in lower false positive rate than S100B. Prehospital measurements of both GFAP and S100B results in lower false positive rates than in-hospital measurements.

The purpose of this project is to explore the degree to which performance consistency on neuropsychological measures varies in a sample of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF)/Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) Veterans with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) with persistent self-reported symptoms.

The overall hypothesis is that the long-term cognitive and behavioral sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are due to selective disruption of the long association white matter tracts of the cerebral hemispheres, with resulting functional impairment of the network of cortical regions that are interconnected by these long-range association pathways. We propose that traumatic white matter injury can be measured with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and that the impaired cortical activation can be detected with magnetoencephalography (MEG), and that the results of these imaging examinations will correlate with neurocognitive status and functional recovery after TBI.

Currently, there is no direct, reliable, bed-side, and non-invasive method for assessing changes in brain activity associated with concussion. Event Related Potentials (ERPs), which are temporal reflections of the neural mass electrical activity of cells in specific regions of the brain that occur in response to stimuli, may offer such a method, as they provide both a noninvasive and portable measure of brain function. The ERPs provide excellent temporal information, but spatial resolution for ERPs has traditionally been limited. However, by using high-density electroencephalograph (EEG) recording spatial resolution for ERPs is improved significantly. The paradigm for the current study will combine neurophysiological knowledge with mathematical signal processing and pattern recognition methods (BNA™) to temporally and spatially map brain function, connectivity and synchronization. The proposed study will provide additional evidence for the utility and contribution of the BNA™ test (reflecting temporal and spatial changes in brain activity as well as brain functional connectivity associated with concussion) in concussion management.

There will be 200 participants, who aged 30 years or older with TBI in 1,5,10,15 years ago and GCS=13-15 will be recruited. Another group of 200 participants with the same age and gender and without TBI will be recruited as the controls. All of them will undergo AD8 questionnaire for dementia screening and APOE4 genotyping. Further CASI and CDR will be tested for the confirmation of dementia diagnosis for the individuals with AD8 scaore >/=2. 10 TBI with dementia, 20 TBI without dementia and 10 controls will be selected randomly for AV45 amylid PET study. There will also be 10 participants without traumatic brain injury and interested in this study, aged 55 years or older better.

One of the most common symptoms suffered by traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is disruption in attention. Lack of attention impacts daily life including academic or professional tasks, and interpersonal relationships. The focus of Therapeutic Resources for Attention Improvement with Neuroimaging for Traumatic Brain Injury (TRAIN-TBI) is to investigate the changes in neurological function with special interest in attention after TBI for children ages 8 to 16. This study will be done through advanced neuroimaging procedures, neurocognitive testing, and an online training tool created by The Brain Plasticity Institute. The investigators hypothesize that the training will improve attention in TBI subjects and that the advanced imaging will show corresponding neural connectivity changes, as compared to matched healthy controls.

The main purpose of this study is to prospectively examine changes in Brain Network Activation(BNA)following concussion in high school athletes. In addition, the study will examine the relationship between changes in BNA to symptoms, cognitive performance and vestibular function from baseline to 1-7, 8-14 and 15-21 day post injury intervals in high school athletes with concussion.