Active clinical trials for "Brain Injuries, Traumatic"

After a head injury, many people find that exposure to light causes them increased discomfort. By measuring how the pupil in the eye constricts to flashes of red and blue light, this study will investigate whether this phenomenon is due to a change in the eye's sensitivity to light.

The multi-center study evaluates BrainPulse recordings from subjects with a suspected or confirmed concussion to improve a concussion detection algorithm. Subjects may also consent for a 5 additional follow-ups over a 21-day period to compare the progression of change in their BrainPulse recordings.

This study evaluates the validity of an intravascular continuous glucose monitoring microdialysis probe, and compares the values to routinely inserted cerebral glucose microdialysis to evaluate the hypothesised relationship between intracranial and intravascular glucose levels.

The goals of this study are to develop an objective, multi-modal classification scheme and outcome measures for traumatic brain injury based on several measures: (1) blood-based biomarkers (indicates which cell types are damaged), (2) eye tracking (detects mass effect/elevated intracranial pressure and pathway disruption), (3) radiographic measures of CT and MRI (detect structural abnormalities), and (4) standardized outcome assessments.

This study aims to adapt two decision aids (DAs) (pediatric and adult) developed in the United States to the Quebec context to develop context-adapted tools and training program that will facilitate the process of shared decision-making while taking a decision to use head computed tomography (CT scan) with patients suffering from a mild traumatic brain injury.

As per World Health Organization (WHO) 2015 report, road injury is the tenth cause of mortality in the world. 90% of these occur in Low and Middle-Income countries (LMICs) Amongst Injuries, Traumatic Brain Injuries is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Clinicians have to answer about the prognosis of the injured patient to the anxious near ones on arrival as well as throughout the course of treatment A multicenter randomized control trial (CRASH)published a prediction model for traumatic brain injury patients This model was based on data from High Income countries and not from Low and Middle-Income Countries Hence to fill this gap we aim to study the outcome of patients with Traumatic Brain Injury and also validate the CRASH trial prediction model in traumatic brain injury patient It is a Prospective Observational Study for a duration of 18 months and the sample size is 500 patients. Acute Traumatic Brain injury patients >18 years of age admitted in Emergency surgery room. Patients with chronic head injury and Patients who have been declared brain dead and whose organs have been retrieved are excluded. Variable are Age, Glasgow coma score, Pupils reaction to light, Major extra cranial injuries, CT Finding. Outcome of the study is mortality at 14th day and morbidity and mortality after 6 months of head injury.

Aim of the study The investigators aim to establish: Whether noradrenaline (NA) infusion has a significant effect on coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Whether disruption of haemostasis can be recorded with a computerized tomography (CT) scan. Whether there is a significant difference between the values of haemostasis parameters in the internal jugular vein and the radialis artery. The hypotheses In the early stage of treatment (1-3 hours), an increased formation of thrombin occurs in patients with severe isolated TBI that are treated with NA; consequently, platelet use increases in comparison with patients who don't need NA, as do coagulation factors and hyperfibrinolysis. The concentration of NA correlates with thrombin formation and the correlation is stronger in higher doses of NA. Thrombin formation will decrease more slowly in the group that will receive NA therapy in comparison to the group that will not receive NA therapy.

We are extending the researches of Taiwan neurosurgery traumatic brain injury (TBI) database which is led by Professor WT Chiu in Taipei Medical University and will recruit mild TBI (mTBI) participants who have ever been registered in the database. This database has been established for over 15 years and contains the information of over 150000 patients. It is one of the largest TBI database in the world. TBI usually results from traffic accidents, falls or violence events. Most of the victims are young people and the victims suffer from life-threatening and mental-physical deficits. Mild TBI (mTBI) usually was neglected before because its symptoms, signs are mild and mTBI patients usually were not obtained enough initial treatment. Therefore, mTBI might result in long-term cognitive and affective impairments, such as depression, indifference, anxiety, memory impairment, loss of attention and executive function. These late effects not only decrease the life quality of patients and their family but also increase the social and medical burden. Recent epidemiology studies have pointed out that TBI would increase the risk for dementia, especially Alzheimer disease (AD) by 2-4 times. However, the association between TBI severity, number of repeats, genetic factors and onset of AD remains further investigation. Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are the pathological hallmarks for AD. Accumulation of Aβ is considered to be the first step of pathophysilogy of AD. Compelling researches have supported TBI accelerates the formation and accumulation of Aβ. These findings could link TBI with AD but the previous researches had limitations. There was lack of mTBI pathology data so the impacts of mTBI on Aβ accumulation were still obscure. By amyloid-PET, we could study the effects of mTBI on the accumulation of Aβ and this tool could be helpful for understanding the real impacts and pathophysiological mechanisms of mTBI on AD.

Head injury is a common and devastating condition that can affect people at any stage of their lives. The treatment of severe head injury takes place in intensive care where interventions are designed to protect the brain from further injury and provide the best environment for recovery. A number of different monitors are used after head injury, including a monitor called microdialysis, to measure how the brain is generating energy. Abnormalities in these monitors guide doctors to the right treatments when the brain is at risk of further injury. There are lots of ways that the brain can be injured further after head injury such as raised pressure in the skull from brain swelling, low oxygen levels and low glucose levels. In this study we aim to combine information from all of these monitors to figure out what the underlying problem is and choose the right intervention to treat the problem that is affecting the patient at the time and compare this with previous treatment protocols to see if it improved outcome. Aim: To establish and validate a protocol to treat abnormalities in a microdialysis measure called lactate/pyruvate ratio (LPR) that reflects how cells are generating energy, and compare it with patient cohorts not being monitored using the current protocol.

Brain injury from explosive blast is a prominent feature of contemporary combat. Although protective armor and effective acute medical intervention allows soldiers to survive blast events, a growing number of veterans will have disability stemming from blast-related neural damage. Soldiers also return from combat with psychological disabilities caused by traumatic war events. The clinical presentation of individuals with blast-related neural damage and post-traumatic psychopathology are markedly similar and thus a clear description of the direct consequences of explosive blast is complicated by the emotional and cognitive sequelae of psychological trauma. We will use sophisticated measures of neural function and structure to characterize brain injury from explosive blasts in a sample of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) National Guard soldiers who returned from deployment in the fall of 2007. Survey data gathered near the end of deployment indicated that over 50% of the brigade had been exposed to direct physical effects of explosive blasts. To fully characterize the effects of blast on the brain and differentiate them from post-traumatic stress disorder, we will contrast groups of soldiers exposed to blast and with groups experiencing post-traumatic stress disorder. This investigation will improve the characterization of blast-related traumatic brain injury, describe the essential features of the condition in terms of neural function and structure to inform diagnosis, and characterize mechanisms of recovery after blast-related neural injury to allow the creation of interventions that return soldiers to maximum levels of functioning.