Active clinical trials for "Brain Injuries, Traumatic"

Increased intracranial pressure is a cause of disease progression in patients with brain disease, a common cause of poor prognosis. Intracranial pressure monitoring is the observation of the disease, treatment, evaluation and important way to improve the prognosis. Non-invasive intracranial pressure monitoring can be used to stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, brain trauma, encephalitis and other patients. Ophthalmic artery originated from the internal carotid artery, the optic canal into the orbit, the entire process can be divided into intracranial optic tube segment and orbital segment. investigators' preliminary experiments show that when intracranial pressure, intracranial ophthalmic artery segment velocity increases with increasing velocity difference orbital segment. Accordingly, the investigators speculate, may be judged by the level of intracranial pressure intracranial and orbital velocity difference between the ophthalmic artery segment, and accordingly calculate the specific values of intracranial pressure. The investigators will collect brain trauma surgery, performed invasive intracranial pressure monitoring cases, the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound velocity and different segments of the ophthalmic artery pulsatility index, the invasive intracranial pressure and comparing the measured values to calculate the the critical value of the ophthalmic artery segment intraorbital and intracranial velocity difference when intracranial pressure, thus fitting Based on projections of mathematical formulas intracranial pressure. This study will provide a non-invasive intracranial pressure monitor new approach.

This study has the objective to determine if intranasal dexmedetomidine, a sedative, is suitable for pediatric sedation in children undergoing tomographic scans.

We would like to ascertain the prevalence of hypopituitarism after combat-related TBI. This will lead to enhanced awareness, recognition, and treatment of hypopituitarism, which can have life-saving ramifications and enhance quality of life and rehabilitation efforts in our combat veterans.

This research aims to extend the application of spreading depolarization monitoring to non-surgical TBI patients, using intraparenchymal electrode arrays and scalp electroencephalography to detect depolarizations and develop less invasive monitoring methods.

This project will combine the data collected from structural and functional MRI scans and neuropsychology performance post-TBI in children. Patients will be followed for a year, in order to examine the brain and cognitive recovery post head injury.

The primary objective of this study is to assess the incidence of VAP in patients with TBI and to identify risk factors for developing VAP in this specific patient population (types of co-injuries in patients with multiple trauma or characteristics on admission). The secondary objective is to assess the prevalence of pathogens responsible for early- and late-onset VAP in patients with TBI. The tertiary objective is to discuss the ability of preventive measures to reduce the incidence of VAP

The goal of the present study was to look at the effect of changing walking parameters on the dynamic walking characteristics among children post severe traumatic brain injury, children with cerebral palsy and typically developed controls.

Lay Summary: To evaluate a novel early diagnostic tool for hospitalized children with traumatic brain injury. The Problem: Children who present with decreased level of consciousness after injury require urgent medical attention determined by the type and the severity of injury. Unfortunately, history and physical findings are often unreliable in the first hours after hospitalization, the period in which urgent management decisions must be made for their treatment. The Solution: A promising tool developed for measuring detectable evidence of traumatic brain injury on routine brain scans. The tool combines features invisible to the human eye but detectable by computer software with expert knowledge.This study will evaluate how well the tool can perform in a real health care setting. It is believed that it will greatly improve the efficacy and quality of care provided to children after traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury can cause permanent problems with thinking, memory, control of emotions, organization and planning. Thousands of soldiers, marines, and other military personnel have had injuries to the brain due the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Very large numbers of civilians, up to perhaps 1.5 million people per year, in the United States also have traumatic brain injuries caused by car accidents, falls, sports-related injuries or assault. We don't know very much about traumatic brain injuries right now, but there are some important new advances in technology that may help us learn a lot more about these injuries. One such advance involves new types of MRI scans that we think will be able to show what has happened to the brain after trauma more clearly that regular scans can. The first new scan is called diffusion tensor imaging, which shows injury to the axons (the wiring of the brain). The second new scan is called resting-state functional MRI correlation analysis, which shows how well various parts of the brain are connected to each other. Importantly, the new types of scans can be done using regular scanners that we already have in every major hospital. The innovation is entirely in how the scanners are used and how the resulting pictures are analyzed on a computer after they have been taken. We have already tested these scans on some military and civilian patients with brain injury and found them to be very helpful so far. Our overall goal is to see whether these new MRI scans will be useful for active duty military personnel who have had recent traumatic brain injuries. The most important goal will be to see if the amount of injury shown on the scans be used to predict how well the patients will do overall over the next 6-12 months. A related goal will be to see whether injuries to specific parts of the brain seen by these new scans can be used to predict whether patients will be likely to have specific problems like memory loss, attention deficit, depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder. We would also like to see whether the scans could be even more useful when combined with information about genetic factors (inherited from the parents) that can be tested in the blood. Another important goal is to compare the effects of traumatic brain injuries caused by blasts or explosions with injuries from other causes, to find out what is unique about blast injury. A final goal will be to repeat the scans 6-12 months later to see whether the new MRI scans can show whether the injuries to the brain have healed, gotten worse, or stayed the same. These new scans could help with decisions about whether military personnel can return to duty, what sort of rehabilitation and treatment would benefit them most, and what family members should watch for and expect.

The outcome of brain injury (physical or stroke) may be related to a brain electrical phenomenon known as Cortical Spreading Depression (CSD). This is a brief cessation of function in a local region of brain tissue. It has been hypothesized that CSD may occur after brain injury and may expand the damage to adjacent brain areas. Our aim is to detect CSD by means of intracranial electrodes in patients with brain injuries and asses how these events alter the outcome of the patients.