Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

Doppler sonography provides an easily applicable, non-invasive, and well-established method for investigating renal morphologic characteristics and measuring vascular resistance in the renal parenchyma. Doppler are of strategic importance in providing qualitative and quantitative information about the renal vasculature, which can be obtained through the assessment of the resistive index.

It has been hypothesized, based on recent trials, that only early intervention can reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This finding may imply that atherosclerosis at diabetes diagnosed, is either negligible, or at early, or non-advanced, still modifiable disease stage. However, sparse information is available regarding atherosclerosis prevalence and its characteristics at diabetes presentation. Furthermore, although cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention is the major goal of treatment in T2DM, risk assessment tools, mostly based on traditional CV risk factors, lack of adequate specificity to identify individuals at higher risk. Therefore, non-invasive tests, such as carotid ultrasound, have been recommended to better define CV risk in several groups of individuals, including those with intermediate risk or with T2DM. This clinical study aims to improve the investigators knowledge on cardiovascular disease (CVD) in subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM (NEWDM). The investigators hypothesis is that carotid ultrasound (carotid intimae media thickness [CIMT] and carotid plaque [CP]) will show a worse subclinical/preclinical CVD stage in NEWDM compared with non-diabetic (CONTROL) individuals. Moreover, carotid ultrasound will also identify T2DM individuals at a higher risk in whom intervention should be more intensive. Because individuals with T2DM have a higher prevalence of several CV risk factors, NEWDM will be matched with CONTROL individuals, not only for age and sex (the main determinants of atherosclerosis), but also for known, treated hypertension and dyslipidemia, and smoking habit. The investigators will study NEWDM and CONTROL individuals without clinical CVD. This is a cross-sectional and longitudinal (18 months of follow-up) case-control study. The main study variables will be carotid ultrasound derived variables. The main aims of the study are: 1) to investigate CIMT and CP prevalence differences between NEWDM and CONTROL subjects; 2) to characterize the subset of NEWDM subjects with a higher CIMT (≥ mean+1SD o ≥ P75th) or CP presence; and 3) to early characterize individuals in whom subclinical CVD worsens (CIMT progression ≥ mean + 1SD o ≥ P75th) even after standard (according to clinical guidelines) diabetes treatment.

To determine the predicting factors and indicators of compliance with insulin treatment in Diabetes Type II patients.

This study is a cooperative project and aims to identify genetic components associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is significant for the population of non-aboriginal Taiwanese.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery induces resolution of type 2 diabetes, often within days after surgery and before significant weight loss. The aim of this study is to investigate whether changes in mitochondrial function contributes to the early improvement of type 2 diabetes after RYGB.

The purpose of this study is to compare corneal endothelium morphology and central thickness in type II Diabetes Mellitus and normal subjects with special reference to glycemic status.

The purpose of this study is to directly compare the body composition, body fat distribution, and morphological and functional features of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle between South Asians and European Caucasians.

This is a multicentric, prospective, parallel groups study. Patient recruitment will be carried out at the U.O. Departmental Endocrinology and Diabetology ASST FBF Sacco, Fatebenefratelli and Ophthalmic Hospital, and at the SSD of Endocrine Diseases and Diabetology ASST FBF Sacco, L. Sacco Hospital. At the screening visit, patients being treated with sulfonylureas / glinids will be shifted, depending on the subject's biochemical and phenotypic characteristics, based on current prescribing criteria and diabetes complications, to one of 4 different types of treatment: GROUP 1: SGLT2 inhibitors +/- Metformin GROUP 2: DPP4 inhibitors +/- Metformin GROUP 3: GLP1-RA + Long-acting insulin +/- Metformin GROUP 4: SGLT2 inhibitors + DPP4 inhibitors +/- Metformin At the screening visit the clinician will evaluate which new treatment to assign to the patient, based on the subject's biochemical and phenotypic characteristics, current prescribing criteria and existing complications (Algorithm for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, SID-AMD Care Standard 2018)

Evaluation of retinal neurodegeneration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) without diabetic retinopathy or with mild non proliferative diabetic retinopathy

To explore the metabolic outcomes of PCI versus CABG in diabetic patients presented by ACS. To verify the diagnostic and prognostic value of speckle tracking echocardiography in early detection of MACE after ACS in diabetic patients treated by 2 modalities.