Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Tract Infections"

Retrospective analysis with subgroup evaluation Primary objectives of the data analysis study: 1 Retrospective analysis of the symptoms and quality of life data of patients with mild, acute (<96 hours) upper respiratory symptoms based on the results of standard health assessment questionnaires used at the institution, over a period of 10-15 days after the SARS CoV-2 PCR test. Secondary objectives 1 Retrospective assessment of the upper respiratory tract symptoms and quality of life and serological parameters of the contact persons with confirmed close exposure to SARS CoV-2 PCR positive patients (based on the results of the standard health assessment questionnaires used at the institution in the period of 10-15 days after the SARS CoV-2 PCR test) The retrospective analysis also includes an assessment of the pharmacological and supplementary therapies used in patients presenting with mild, acute (<96 hours) upper respiratory symptoms and SARS CoV-2 positive contacts, as well as the incidence of SARS CoV-2 virus infection in contacts confirmed by PCR test (based on values measured within 48 hours and 10-15 days later), and an analysis of patients' serological data.

This is a performance study to test the sensitivity and specificity of the BioFire FilmArray Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI) Panel. The purpose of this study is to prospectively collect and test residual Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and sputum specimens and generate performance data to support regulatory classification of the FilmArray LRTI as an in vitro diagnostic (IVD) in the US, European Union (EU), Canada, and other regions.

With this study the investigators want to determine, if a fast identification of germs, causing infections of the lower respiratory tract, is possible through the use of Multiplex PCR technology - a method that allows on time detection of bacteria in medical specimen by identifying DNA sequences that are known to be specific for the respective microbe. Therefore aspiration samples from the respiratory tracts of ventilated patients, which are suspected to develop such an infection, will be collected and analyzed by using a multiplex PCR (polymerase chain reaction) application situated on the intensive care unit. The investigators want to determine if Multiplex PCR diagnostic could be a faster alternative to conventional microbiological methods. The results of the Multiplex PCR analyses therefore will be compared with results of conventional microbiological methods.

This clinical study will investigate the relationships between sequential respiratory viral infections, patterns of intestinal and respiratory bacterial colonization, and adaptive cellular immune phenotypes which are associated with increased susceptibility to respiratory infections and long term respiratory morbidity in preterm and full term infants. This is a prospective, cohort study, enrolling at a single center via two sites (URMC and URMC-affiliated Highland Hospital and Rochester General Hospital). Enrollment will be accomplished in approximately 15 - 36 months. The study will enroll 280 subjects, 150 pre-term and 130 full-term.

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) constitutes a leading cause of morbidity, hospitalization and mortality worldwide. The most common etiologic agents of ARI's, especially in children, are viruses. The study objective is to determine the viral and bacterial etiologies of ARIs in patients with lower respiratory tract infection in South East Asia. This is a laboratory based surveillance study, in which the archival specimens from hospitalized patients will be tested for respiratory pathogens other than influenza viruses Standard descriptive statistics will be used to present the findings

This study will test the hypothesis that constitutionally poorer Eustachian tube function predisposes to middle-ear pathology during a viral upper respiratory infection.

To characterise the physical parameters (number concentration, size distribution and their trajectories) of aerosols (droplets) generated in high risk procedures.

The primary objective of this study is to describe the incidence of RSV-associated LRI among infants <1 year of age presenting to the ED during selected shoulder months.

The role of the nasopharyngeal mucosal microbiota has recently been emphasized in respiratory diseases. The hypothesis that respiratory infections are linked to an imbalance of the nasopharyngeal microbiota has recently emerged and some studies show a link between the respiratory microbiota, the susceptibility to viral respiratory infections and the severity induced. In a preliminary work on the respiratory microbiota from 225 patients and 48 controls, the investigators found a decrease in the richness and biodiversity of the nasopharyngeal microbiota in patients with a respiratory viral infection as well as an enrichment of their respiratory flora in pathogenic bacteria. Interestingly, these recent years, the development of qPCR for virus diagnosis showed a substantial proportion of asymptomatic carriers of viruses suggesting that the nasopharyngeal microbiota may play a critical role in the genesis and clinical expression of viral respiratory infection, challenging Koch's postulate. The principal objectives of this study are to compare the respiratory microbiota between symptomatic patients with respiratory viral infection and asymptomatic carrier of virus. The aim is to determine the existence of respiratory microbiota profiles associated with the occurrence of viral respiratory infections influencing the clinical expression of virus and to determine the role of the respiratory microbiota in the occurrence of bacterial superinfection which will justify an early antibiotic treatment. The investigators will include 35 symptomatic patients with viral respiratory infection harboring positive qPCR for respiratory virus (influenza A or B, RSV, rhinovirus, metapneumovirus), 35 asymptomatic patients with positive qPCR for respiratory virus and 30 healthy subjects (controls). A pharyngeal and a nasal swabs will be performed for each patient. All the samples will be analyse by culturomics and metagenomic. Culturomic is a high-throughput culture strategy based on the multiplication of culture conditions coupled with the rapid identification of bacteria by MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption / Ionization-Time-Of-Flight) mass spectrometry.Metagenomics is an high throughput sequencing and will be performed using Miseq ( Illumina technology) targeting the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S RNA gene.

The real-time reporting of PCT results along with viral PCR data from the FilmArray® Respiratory Panel 2 plus in conjunction with an antimicrobial stewardship plan will aid in the proper withholding or withdrawing of antibiotics (ATB) when the collective data is indicative of a viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI). The addition of the FilmArray® RP2plus diagnostic test indicating the presence of a viral infection in subjects presenting with respiratory symptoms could improve the confidence to care-providing physicians to withhold prescribing antibiotics.