Active clinical trials for "Urinary Bladder Neoplasms"

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more cancer cells. PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy in treating patients who have advanced cancer of the urothelium with decreased kidney function.

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more tumor cells and decrease the need for surgery. PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy followed by observation or surgery to remove the bladder (cystectomy) in treating patients who have stage II or stage III cancer of the urothelium.

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. PURPOSE: Phase I/II trial to study the effectiveness of oblimersen in treating patients who have solid tumors that have not responded to previous therapy.

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more tumor cells. It is not yet known whether four-drug combination chemotherapy is more effective than two-drug combination chemotherapy in treating bladder cancer. PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to compare the effectiveness of two combination chemotherapy regimens in treating patients who have bladder cancer.

A multicenter, retrospective research was conducted. Patients who underwent robot-assisted radical cystectomy and laparoscopic radical cystectomy in 10 large medical centers in China were enrolled, comparing the oncologic outcomes of the patients.

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the ultrasound-guided interfascial injection approach with the subpectineal injection technique for obturator nerve block in bladder cancers undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) under spinal anesthesia.

Bladder carcinoma (BC) is the 13th leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide . In Egypt, BC is the third common malignant tumor. Its incidence is 8.7% of all malignant tumors in both sexes with more predominance in males as reported by National Cancer Registry with more expected cases in the future. There are different histological variants of BC which show different phenotypic, biological and prognostic impacts. The most common histological type of BC is urothelial carcinoma which constitutes about 90% of all bladder cancers. Squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and other rare types represent the remaining 10%. Carcinoma of the bladder is considered a heterogeneous stem cell tumor with increasing morbidity and death rates if it is not treated properly. The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is associated with tumor progression, recurrence, metastasis, and resistance to conventional chemotherapy and makes complete elimination of the tumor difficult. Successes in treatment plans need more understanding of the CSCs population and their molecular biology. The most important items of CSCs regulatory core are transcription factors such as OCT4, SOX-2, and Nanog. They play an important role in the regulatory network for maintaining the 'stemness' state of stem cells. SOX2 (short for Sex determing Region Y - box 2), a High Mobility Group (HMG) domain transcription factor is member of the SRY-related HMG-box (SOX) family of transcription factors involved in the pluripotency, self-reappearance and differentiation of embryonic stem cell. Cancer immunotherapy starts with a proper understanding of tumor immuno-biology. Study of the tumor microenvironment revealed the importance of immune checkpoints in facilitating tumor immunological escape, leading to the development of multiple novel therapeutics targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed cell death protein 1, "CD279" programmed death ligand 1, "CD274") immune checkpoints. And recently the expression levels of PD-L1 are closely associated with CSCs immune escape. PD-1 is a T-cell immune inhibitory checkpoint that inhibit T-cell activation and contributes to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. PD-1 is also expressed on activated B cells and natural killer cells. PD-1 is activated by binding to its ligand; PD-L1, which is a type I trans-membrane glycoprotein. Many cell types express PD-L1, including placenta, vascular endothelium, hepatocytes and mesenchymal stem cells, also B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and mast cells. PD-L1 is considered to be a co-inhibitory factor of the immune response, it can combine with PD-1 to reduce the proliferation of PD-1 positive cells, inhibit their cytokine secretion and induce apoptosis. PD-L1 also plays an important prognostic and predictive value in various malignancies where it can attenuate the host immune response to tumor cells. However, little is known about the role of PD-L1 and its relation to SOX2 in urinary bladder carcinoma including its different histopathological variants. In this study, the main objective is to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 to CSCs marker (SOX2) in urinary bladder carcinoma as a prognostic factor and search for new prospective targeted cancer therapy.

The purpose of this study is to learn about the safety and effects of the study medicine (called avelumab) for the treatment of advanced bladder cancer. This study is including participants who: Participated in the Canadian avelumab patient support program Have been diagnosed with advanced bladder cancer Have been treated with platinum-based chemotherapy without their disease progressing All participants in this study have previously received avelumab first-line maintenance for the treatment of their advanced bladder cancer. Pfizer will examine the experiences of people receiving the study medicine. This will help determine the efficacy and safety of the study medicine for the treatment of bladder cancer.

This phase II trial studies the side effects of avelumab and how well it works in combination with fluorouracil and mitomycin or cisplatin and radiation therapy in treating participants with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Monoclonal antibodies, such as avelumab, may interfere with the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as fluorouracil, mitomycin, and cisplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Radiation therapy uses high energy beams to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. Giving avelumab with chemotherapy and radiotherapy may work better in treating participants with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

The study main objectives are to enhance treatment decision making and improve quality of life and post-treatment health care among patients diagnosed with invasive bladder cancer. Bladder cancer (BL Ca) is the 5th most commonly diagnosed cancer in the US . BL Ca is more common among men than women and 90% of all patients are over the age of 55. Surgery to remove the bladder followed by one of three diversion techniques (i.e., ileal conduit, continent reservoir, and neobladder) is the standard therapy following invasive bladder cancer. The emotional, functional, physical, and social impact of invasive Bl Ca treatment on patients' QOL and adjustment can be devastating. This impact significantly varies by treatment option. Treatment decision making in for BL Ca is difficult at best and potentially susceptible to a number of cognitive and affective factors (e.g., patients' emotional reaction, values, and expectations). Thus, in addition to adjusting to a potential life-threatening disease, having to cope with uncertainty about the efficacy and outcomes of different treatment options adds to the overall distress and may impair effective decision-making. In spite of increasing efforts in health communication and patient education, no study has examined treatment decision making among invasive bladder patients or has provided an educational intervention to facilitate treatment decision making among this population. To this end, and guided by the Self-Regulation theory (SRT) that emphasizes the role of cognitive and emotional factors in decision making, we have designed and pilot tested the acceptability of a preliminary educational and training experiential intervention (ETE) to address this gap in the literature. The ETE intervention uses new and innovative educational strategies and methods to educate patients about their treatment options and to facilitate their treatment decision making.