Active clinical trials for "Urinary Tract Infections"

Superiority study evaluating the efficacy of a prepackaged cleansing cloth and standardizing cleansing protocol vs. previous standard-of-care for catheter care and maintenance.

The aim of this randomised parallel trial is to compare the efficacy of Glycosaminoglycan layer replacement against cystoscopy and urethral dilatation in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infection in pre-menopausal women. The women will be randomised to 1 of 2 arms.Arm 1 patients will receive standard treatment from the Urologists. This will involve rigid cystoscopy and urethral dilatation, under general anaesthetic. Arm 2 patients will receive standard treatment from the Gynaecologists.

Injection of OnabotulinumtoxinA (BTX-A) into the bladder is a widely used treatment option for patients with overactive bladder who have failed medical therapy. Urinary tract infection is the most common side effect of this procedure and therefore antibiotics are given around the time of injection in order to prevent these events. While antibiotics are commonly given at the time of injection, the duration of these antibiotic regimens are variable. The investigators propose a study to investigate different antibiotic protocols and their affect on the rate of urinary tract infection after injection.

The aim of this study is to detect early renal dysfunction that may occur during the surgical procedure in geriatric patients who will undergo laparotomy surgery. In elderly patients undergoing surgery, accurate estimation of organ function is often not possible. Accurate measurement of kidney function is vital to the routine care of patients. Determining kidney function status can predict the progression of kidney disease and prevent toxic drug levels in the body.The biochemical marker creatinine, found in serum and urine, is widely used in the estimation of GFR. Although glomerular filtration rate decreases with aging, creatinine also decreases in the elderly due to muscle loss. Even moderately elevated blood creatinine may be indicative of severe kidney failure. Creatinine clearance (CrCl) is the volume of blood plasma cleared of creatinine per unit time. It is a fast and cost-effective method for measuring kidney function. Creatine is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate found in skeletal muscle. Its production in the body depends on muscle mass. The CrCl ratio approximates the GFR calculation as it freely filters the glomerular creatine. High serum creatinine levels and decreased CrCl ratio are usually indicators of abnormal kidney function.One of the markers of acute kidney injury is to look at plasma NGAL values. Plasma NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin) increases in response to damaged kidney status and can predict acute kidney injury as an early marker. Data on investigating plasma NGAL values as a predictive biomarker of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing non-cardiovascular surgery are very limited NGAL is produced from the epithelium of kidneys, lungs, colon, liver, adipose tissue, and inflammatory cells. NGAL is elevated in serum and urine after acute tubular injury, making it possible to diagnose kidney damage within 2 hours of injury. However, the increase of other traditional markers such as creatinine may be delayed for up to 48 hours after acute kidney injury.To determine the roles of primary outcome serum creatinine, creatinine clearance rates and plasma NGAL levels in the diagnosis of acute renal failure

This study is aimed at demonstrating the efficacy of temocillin in the treatment of complicated Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) due to confirmed Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) producing or AmpC hyperproducing Enterobacteriaceae in the United Kingdom.

This research project is designed to find out whether people who suffer repeated urinary tract infections (UTI) related to the need to empty their bladders intermittently with a fine plastic tube (catheter); a process called clean intermittent self-catheterisation (CISC), benefit from taking continuous daily low-dose antibiotics (antibiotic prophylaxis). The investigators estimate that about 40,000 people in the United Kingdom need to use CISC regularly to empty their bladder either because of nerve damage such as multiple sclerosis or because of failure of the bladder muscle to contract, and of these about 25% (10,000 people) suffer frequent UTI. One way to reduce this problem may be to take a small daily dose of antibiotics and the study aims to find out whether such treatment is effective and worthwhile both for the people who suffer the problem and for the National Health Service (NHS). The two options to be compared in the trial are firstly, a once daily preventive dose (prophylaxis) of an antibiotic routinely used for this purpose (either nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim or cefalexin), and secondly no prophylaxis. The investigators think that an overall decrease of 20% or more in the frequency of UTI would be large enough for future patients using CISC who get troublesome recurrent UTIs to be offered antibiotic prophylaxis routinely. The investigators will also assess any harm caused by continuous use of antibiotics, particularly side effects for those people taking them and changes in the resistance of bacteria to these antibiotics. The investigators can then work out whether the balance between the benefits and harms make the use of prophylaxis worthwhile to people carrying out CISC and for the NHS as a whole.

Symptomatic urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the main causes of morbidity and the main cause of re-hospitalization in subjects with neurogenic bladder. Long-term antibiotic therapy increases the risk of multi-resistant bacterial infections, without reducing the rate of symptomatic UTIs. Our non-comparative preliminary study has shown that Weekly Oral Cyclic Antibiotic Programme (single, weekly dose of antibiotic X on even weeks, and antibiotic Y on odd weeks) seem to drastically reduce both the number of symptomatic UTIs and the number of hospitalizations in patients with neurogenic bladder, without affecting bacterial ecology. The objective of this study is to validate this preliminary work with a large-scale randomized, parallel-group, multicenter study.

Girls with spina bifida also have bladder problems. This is because they need temporary placement of a tube into the bladder to remove urine. This thin flexible tube is called a catheter. It can increase the risk of having bacteria in the urine. This in turn can lead to urinary tract infection (UTI). Some girls with spina bifida are given antibiotics. These are medicines used to treat infections caused by bacteria. The medicine is used to prevent UTI. However, long-term treatment with these medicines can have side effects. For example, the bacteria may become resistant to the antibiotics. Also, bacteria in the urine can persist. UTI can still occur in patients on antibiotics. UTI in girls occurs because bacteria migrate from the rectum to the vagina area. This gives the bacteria access to the bladder. Also, in girls with spina bifida, the access to the bladder is easier because of the catheter. Probiotics are friendly bacteria. They are available as dietary supplements and as food. They contain helpful bacteria. Yogurt is an example of a food that contains probiotics. The purpose of this study is to find out, if probiotics taken for 6 months can prevent UTI in girls with spina bifida. We will also try to find out whether changes in urine bacteria are associated with the taking of the probiotics. A vaginal and rectal swab will also be done to find out if taking probiotics has any benefits on preventing bacteria.

This is a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of bedside volumetric bladder ultrasound prior to transurethral catheterization of pediatric patients presenting to an emergency department with suspected urinary tract infection. Ultrasound prior to catheterization allows Emergency Physicians to determine if the urine volume of the bladder is sufficient for successful catheterization. Advance knowledge of insufficient urine allows the Emergency Physician to defer the procedure until success is likely.

Urinary tract infections are the most common type of hospital-acquired infection. The majority of these infections result from the use of indwelling urinary catheters. Often caregivers leave them in unnecessarily. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of an automatic stop order (automatic removal or urinary catheters when they no longer needed) in reducing urinary infections.