Active clinical trials for "Urinary Tract Infections"

Antibiotic resistance is an increasingly serious problem in Switzerland which is associated with the exposure and overall uptake of antibiotics in a population. Reduced antibiotic prescribing for outpatients is paralleled by a decrease in antibiotic resistance rates. In a recent pragmatic trial, the investigators found only promising yet not very conclusive results as those were present only in some groups. This nationwide antibiotic stewardship program with routine feedback on antibiotic prescribing was not associated with an overall change in antibiotic use. In older children, adolescents, and younger adults fewer antibiotics were prescribed, but not consistently over the entire intervention period. Hence, the investigators now aim to evaluate a better-tailored program to obtain a better understanding of the effects on patient-relevant outcomes, antibiotic resistance, and the underlying mechanisms leading to different effects in certain subgroups of patients. The investigators plan to evaluate a nationwide antibiotic stewardship program combining routine prescription feedback with the provision of physician and patient education material for primary care physicians in Switzerland. The project is conducted within the framework of the National Program on antimicrobial resistance by the Swiss National Science Foundation. Also, additional subprojects will be done where we will assess the impact of COVID-19 on AB prescription by comparing the years 2017,2018, and 2019 with the year 2020 data.

Approximately, 3% of males and 8% of females will develop a urinary tract infection (UTI) during childhood, and most of these will be effectively treated by short-term antibiotic therapy. A subset of these children (20-48%), will develop recurrent UTI (RUTI), which may have long-term effects in the form of hypertension or renal damage. In an effort to prevent RUTIs physicians prescribe sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Septra) or nitrofurantoin as low dose antibiotic prophylaxis. However, recent evidence suggests that during prophylactic therapy the body is exposed to antibiotic levels capable of increasing antibiotic resistance and bacterial virulence. This has been shown to be true in the uropathogens E. coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus, yet it is not known if Enterococcus sp. demonstrate similar mechanisms. Additionally, antibiotics have been shown to disrupt the natural balance of the human microbiome, potentially leading to major long term problems. As a uropathogen, enterococci consistently rank in the top 3 causes of RUTI, especially in children under 3 years of age. Additionally, Enterococcus is notorious for developing antibiotic resistance and studies have shown that children with enterococcal UTIs exhibit a higher rate of recurrence than those with non-enterococcal UTIs. The investigators hypothesize the current practice of antibiotic prophylaxis in children with RUTI is detrimental and can change the bacterial and sensitivity profiles of these patients.

The purpose of the research is to determine if eating sweetened, dried cranberries or strawberry fruit pieces will increase the types of different E. coli bacteria in the intestines which may reduce the likelihood of a major, or highly harmful urinary type of bacteria which cause urinary tract infections in susceptible women.

Safety and efficacy of Cipro XR in a naturalistic setting and the effectiveness of an educational brochure. - Women with urinary tract infections were treated with Cipro XR. They were also given a brochure with information about urinary tract infections and later tested on the information.

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs), the most common infection in pregnancy,are associated with several maternal and fetal complications, including maternal septic shock, preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction and intrauterine fetal death. Thus, the prevention of UTIs in pregnancy is a very important goal. Several studies have suggested that alterations in the vaginal flora were associated with recurrent UTIs, and probiotic administrations may have a role in preventing those infections. Nevertheless, this has never been tested in pregnant women.

The investigators aim to assess the effectiveness of a 7-day compared with a 10-day course of antibiotic treatment for febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. It is formulated a hypothesis that a 7-day course of antibiotic therapy is equally effective as a 10-day course of therapy and would entail a lower risk of adverse events and better compliance.

This is a 2-week, single-site, randomized study in adults requiring short-term (≤ 14 days) catheterization. Subjects will be randomized 1:1 to either the biofilm disrupting gel (BLASTX) or SOC (McKesson Jelly) lubricated catheters. Urine and/or catheter DNA analysis will be obtained at catheter insertion, 2, 5, 7 and 14 days after catheterization.

In post-menopausal women, the condition atrophic vaginitis results from the loss of oestrogen and is characterised by dyspareunia (pain during intercourse), vaginal dryness, and vaginal irritation. It is often diagnosed alongside recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) and may increase susceptibility to rUTI. Topical vaginal oestrogen can be used to re-condition the vaginal epithelium and also reduces the incidence of rUTIs. However, patients often express concerns about using oestrogen, a hormonal treatment. Studies also report side-effects including vaginal bleeding, discharge, burning and itching that underpin significant (28%) drop-out rates. Hence, alternative non-hormonal, non-antibiotic based therapies that treat the vaginal atrophy, but also reduce the incidence of rUTI are needed. Recurrent UTI in adult women is common. Bacteria from the gut can colonise the vulvar epithelia and then the bladder, causing uncomfortable urinary symptoms (cystitis). The lifetime risk of a UTI is around 40% in adult women which increases in post-menopausal women. Annually, UTI incidence is 3%. Of those affected, 5% will suffer rUTI, rising to 13% in the over 60 population. This equates to over 300,000 of the adult female UK population annually affected by rUTI. The most frequent treatment for rUTIs is low dose antibiotics, but this treatment causes the bacteria carried by such women to become antibiotic resistant, which exacerbates the clinical problem. The prevalence of antimicrobial multi-resistance within post-menopausal women suffering from rUTI is around 25% and was shown to rise to more than 80% following prolonged antibiotics. These data support the use of non-antibiotic treatment strategies that prevent rUTI and the emergence of drug resistant micro-organisms. This study will compare two groups with differing treatment strategies. One group will be primarily treated for atrophic vaginitis with topical vaginal hyaluronate and the other will be primarily treated for their recurrent UTI with intravesical hyaluronate.

This study is planned to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the drug Ftortiazinon in combination with the drug Maxipime® in comparison with placebo in combination with the drug Maxipime® in the treatment of hospitalized adult patients with complicated urinary tract infections caused by P. aeruginosa.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of fosfomycin trometamol (FT) per os in the treatment of documented male urinary tract infections with ESBL-producing enterobacteriaceae