Active clinical trials for "Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated"

Clinical trial looking at safety and efficacy of suvratoxumab in prevention of pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus in high-risk patients

A multicenter Phase 2 study to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of intravenous BV100 combined with Polymyxin B in adult patients with VABP suspected or confirmed to be due to CRAB

The use of corticosteroids in patients with severe community pneumonia, bacterial infection which kills lots of patients around the world, reduces the mortality of this infection. However, there are no studies with this type of drug regarding hospital-acquired pneumonia. This will be the first multicenter randomized trial to test hydrocortisone plus standard therapy in critical care patients with nosocomial pneumonia. This intervention is inexpensive and may improve the outcome of those patients, besides having an acceptable side effects profile.

The main objective of this study is to compare the median exposures at pharmacokinetic equilibrium of the two modalities of administration: 4-hours infusion of ceftolozane-tazobactam at a dosage of 2 gram three times a day vs 1-hour infusion of 2 gram three times a day.

Clinical presentation of patients after severe injury such as a severe infection, trauma or extensive burns is characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of dysregulation of the initial inflammatory response and immunosuppression associating quantitative and functional alterations of innate and adaptive immune cells. These acquired immune dysfunctions have been associated with an increased susceptibility to nosocomial infections, foremost among which are ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Despite the implementation of a set of preventive measures, the incidence of these VAP remains high in intensive care, with rates in Europe of 1.5% per day of ventilation. Post-aggressive immunosuppression is characterized by the decrease in the expression of HLA-DR (belonging to the type II major histocompatibility complex, MHC-II) on the surface of monocytes (mHLA-DR). The administration of interferon gamma (IFNγ) can restore the level of mHLA-DR and may possibly improve the prognosis as an adjuvant therapy associated to antibiotics. However, the level of proof of this therapeutic strategy is low, limited to small cohorts of patients, or clinical studies without prior immunodepression assessment. The objective of this study is to conduct a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled superiority trial to assess the effect of IFNγ administration on the duration of mechanical ventilation following the first episode of VAP in patients having an HLA-DR < 8000 AB/C All reported data about recombinant human IFNγ 1b for the control of secondary infections in patients with septic shock used the dose of 100 micrograms per day by subcutaneous route for 3 to 5 days . At this dose, no retrospective study has reported any serious adverse effects and recombinant human IFNγ 1b allows an increase in monocyte membrane expression of mHLA-DR.

The purpose of this study is to see if the amount of antibiotics given for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) can be decreased in order to reduce the risk of adverse effects associated with antibiotics, while at the same time ensuring the participant's safety.

Hypoxemic pneumonia is a major cause of hospitalization in Pulmonology. The patient's dependency on oxygen prevents early discharge from the hospital. An automated oxygen therapy is a system that allows administration of oxygen with a flow that is automatically adjusted to the patient's saturation, which is continuously monitored. This system has proven to be particularly effective with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, by decreasing the time spent in hypoxia and hyperoxia, and by accelerating the weaning of oxygen. Our hypothesis is that automated oxygen therapy leads to a diminution on the length of hospital stay.

There is evidence that using shorter antibiotic regimens may help in decreasing antimicrobial resistance and reducing drug-related adverse events.6 Moreover, short-course treatments were found to be as effective as longer-course antibiotic treatment.7,8 In a pooled analysis of four randomized trials in VAP comparing shorter versus long duration of antibiotics in the management of VAP, no difference in the mortality was found. We hypothesize that the use of short course of antibiotics in the treatment of VAP due to drug resistant Acinetobacter baumanii (sensitive to carbapenems and/or colistin only) may result in a higher antibiotic-free days and drug related adverse events, in comparison to a longer duration of antibiotics. In this study, we propose to study a 7-day versus 14-day course of antibiotics in patients with drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii.

VAPERO is a randomized, unblinded, controlled study to measure the impact of a strategy based on the Unyvero® multiplex PCR test on the adjustment of antimicrobial therapy in patients suspected with ventilator-associated or hospital-acquired pneumonia (VAP/HAP) requiring mechanical ventilation. The gold-standard microbiological diagnostic method for pneumonia in the ICU is still culture-based identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) despite being more than a hundred years old, with results turnaround time spanning over several days, exposing patients to potentially inappropriate broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy. The investigators aim to measure the impact of the Unyvero® testing strategy to improve the percentage of patients with VAP or HAP receiving early targeted antimicrobial therapy compared to standard care.

Oral care with chlorhexidine was used to be considered an effective way to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). However, recent evidence revealed that oral care with chlorhexidine may associate with higher mortality and increasing risks of acute respiratory distress syndrome due to the aspiration of chlorhexidine. In addition, the majority of relevant studies in the past have only focused on cardiothoracic intensive care unit (ICU) or post-operation patients. Thus, whether this is effective and safe for medical ICU patients remains unclear.