Active clinical trials for "Virus Diseases"

Background: Genes are instructions that tell the body how to work and grow. They can affect how the body responds to infection. Researchers want to learn more about genes that affect how the body responds to the Ebola virus. Some people with Ebola get very sick and die. Others do not. The research may lead to better treatments for Ebola virus and other germs. Objective: To look for genes that may be related to a person s chance of getting very sick after coming in contact with the Ebola virus. Eligibility: People at least 3 years of age who either: Had Ebola Had close contact with someone who had Ebola Were in an Ebola vaccine study Design: Participants will have a small amount of blood taken from an arm vein by a needle. Researchers will collect participants data from other vaccine studies they may have been in. Participants may be asked questions about their health and social history. Some participants will have their blood tested for the infection syphilis and HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Participants will be told the results and will get help finding care, if necessary. Some participants will have their blood sample tested to see if they have had Ebola in the past. Blood samples will be stored for future research. They will be marked with a code but not with participants names.

Background: Some blood and immune disorders can be helped with HSCT. This is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The person who gets the stem cells has their immune system suppressed. This is done to help prevent their body from rejecting the transplant. During this time, the person is at a high risk to get viral infections. Researchers want to study the records of people who had transplants a few years ago. They want to look at how often certain viral complications happened. Objective: To study how often certain viral complications occurred after HSCT and what risks factors were involved. Eligibility: Records will be reviewed. No participants will be contacted. Design: Researchers will review medical records from the NIH Clinical Center. The records will be from people who had HSCT between 2010 and 2015 when they were between 4 and 85 years old. They already gave consent for their data to be studied. Data collected will include: Vital statistics like age and sex Viral status of the recipient and donor Reason for transplant Transplant details How the immune system recovered after transplant If the recipient got graft versus host disease Any infections Overall survival ...

It has been known for many years that the heart and the liver are intimately related. There is a mutual interaction between the function of the heart and the liver and a broad spectrum of acute and chronic entities that affect both the heart and the liver. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection affects more than 3% (170 million) of the world's population.

Arriving in December 2019, Coronavirus COVID-19 infection is causing a global pandemic with high morbidity and mortality among adults and especially seniors. The child appears little or no affected by this infection. It is estimated that the child could be asymptomatic or pauci-symptomatic carrier and thus be vector of the disease. For this reason, measures have been taken to close schools and contain populations in a large number of countries, including France. However, there are no data on the prevalence of COVID-19 in children.

The aim is to compare the percentage of the different SARS-CoV2 lineages that are detected in wastewater samples with matched clinical samples. About 1,400 swab samples from patients living in Nice were tested by Biogroup between Oct 19th and Oct 23rd (Week 43 of 2020). The sequence of 81 PCR positive samples, corresponding to all samples that were unambiguously assigned to one of the wastewater catchment areas and their lineage was determined. These values were compared to values measured in wastewater.

The main objective of this study is to find out whether young MSM (men who have sex with men) believe it is important for their GP to be informed of their sexual orientation, in order to improve their clinical, especially with HPV vaccination. The secondary objective is to analyze the state of knowledge about the HPV vaccine and the value of HPV vaccine in this target population.

This observational study will describe lung ultrasound (LUS) findings over time in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe Covid-19 lung disease. Our primary aim is to investigate if lung ultrasound can identify and/or predict patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Another aim is to describe LUS findings associated with clinical findings and patient condition.

This study, conducted at the Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health in Baltimore, Maryland, will determine how accurately injection drug users report their needle-sharing behavior. Needle-sharing is a major cause of blood-borne diseases, including HIV and hepatitis. Therefore, a better understanding of this behavior is critical for devising strategies to reduce disease spread in this way. Research on needle-sharing behavior has relied heavily on users' self-reports. This study will compare these self-reports with results of DNA tests that show whether a needle has been used by one or more individuals. Injection drug users 18 years of age or older participating in the Baltimore Needle Exchange Program (BNEP) have been recruited for this study. Syringes distributed to users through the BNEP are collected after use and tested to differentiate between single versus multiple users. The findings are compared with the participants' responses about whether or not they shared their needles and syringes. Participants visit the clinic every 6 months for an interview, including questions about their mental and physical health, drug use, sexual activity and knowledge about HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) and AIDS. After the interview, a small amount of blood is drawn for testing for HIV, hepatitis, syphilis and other infectious diseases. Some of the blood is stored for future testing. Participants return to the clinic 4 weeks after the interview and blood drawing to get their test results. At this time, they are offered referral for drug treatment, free condoms, advice about drug use and safer sex and an opportunity to ask questions about their health. Participation in the study may continue for up to 5 years.

Clinical pneumonia is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalization. The etiology is generally bacterial or viral. Prompt and optimal treatment of pneumonia is critical to reduce mortality. However, adequate pneumonia management is hampered by: a) the lack of a diagnostic tool that can be used at point-of-care (POC) and promptly and accurately allow the diagnosis of bacterial disease and b) lack of a prognostic POC test to help triage children in need of intensive assistance. Antibiotic therapy is frequently overprescribed as a result of suspected bacterial infections resulting in development of antibiotic resistance. Conversely, in malaria-endemic areas, antibiotics may also be "underprescribed" and children with bacterial pneumonia sent home without antibiotic therapy, when the clinical pneumonia is mistakenly attributed to a co-existing malaria infection. The investigators previously identified combinations of protein with 96% sensitivity and 86% specificity for detecting bacterial disease in Mozambican children with clinical pneumonia. The investigators' prior work showed that it is possible to identify biosignatures for diagnosis and prognosis using few proteins. Recently, other authors also identified different accurate biosignatures (e.g., IP-10, TRAIL and CRP). In this study, the investigators propose to validate and improve upon previous biosignatures by testing prior combinations and seeking novel combinations of markers in 900 pediatric inpatients aged 2 months to 5 years with clinical pneumonia in The Gambia. The investigators will also use alternative case criteria and seek diagnostic and prognostic combination of markers. This study will be conducted in Basse, rural Gambia, in two hospitals associated with the Medical Research Council Unity The Gambia (MRCG). Approximately 900 pediatric patients with clinical pneumonia aged 2 months to 5 years of age will be enrolled. Patients will undergo standard of care test and will have blood proteins measured through Luminex®-based immunoassays. Results of this study may ultimately support future development of an accurate point-of-care test for bacterial disease to guide clinicians in choices of treatment and to assist in the prioritization of intensive care in resource-limited settings.

Summary of the study Study population: A representative sample of the Viennese population stratified by age and gender (data from the Vienna Health Study LEAD) Potential output and analysis: Extent of age-specific infection and antibody formation Cumulative incidence of infection Rate of asymptomatic infection Relationship with socioeconomics, lifestyle and risk factors (comorbidities) Study design: Prospective, longitudinal, stratified by age and gender Duration of study: Initial testing as soon as possible and repeat based on monitoring of the pandemic curve (probably after 2-3 months) Information to be obtained from participants: serum samples for information on SARS-CoV2 infection and antibody formation data on clinical symptoms