Active clinical trials for "Weight Loss"

The objective of this study is to explore the effects of weight loss on body composition, metabolic status, reproductive hormones, and ovarian follicle development in obese women with regular menstrual cycles versus obese women with irregular menstrual cycles and/or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

It is not known how much improvement in insulin regulated lipolysis (the breakdown of triglycerides) occurs following substantial, sustained weight loss. Researchers will test the effects of inflammation and lipolysis regulation in people before and after bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy) to answer these questions.

Our hypothesis is that aggressive preconception weight loss in obese women will improve the metabolic health of the mother and the intrauterine environment. An optimized developmental environment will normalize fetal growth and improve clinical fetal and infant outcomes, and theoretically reduce future susceptibility to obesity and cardiometabolic disease.

The goal of this clinical trial is to understand if genetic variations are associated with the amount of weight loss with diet and while taking an FDA-approved medication for weight loss. The main question[s] it aims to answer are: In Aim One, the investigators propose to rigorously test the hypothesis that presence of the Taq1A A1+ polymorphism is associated with greater weight loss with NB compared with the A1- genotype. In Aim Two, the investigators will explore other genetic polymorphisms that might influence the efficacy of NB such as the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene which modulates DRD2 signaling, as carriers of risk alleles in both the FTO and ANKK1 gene demonstrate altered responses to reward-learning tasks associated with negative outcomes. Participants will be in the study for one year, which consists of three phases: From baseline to week 12, participants will receive individual nutritional counseling on a calorie restricted diet. This phase includes in-person visits, blood tests, an EKG, vital signs, questionnaires, body weight, and nutritional visits. From week 12 to week 40, participants will continue to receive dietary counseling and will receive treatment with naltrexone/bupropion for 28 weeks. This phase includes in-person and phone visits, blood tests, vital signs, questionnaires, body weight, and nutritional visits. From week 40 to week 52, participants will go through a wash-out period to determine whether there is an association of genotype and maintenance of weight loss. This phase includes in-person visits, blood tests, vital signs, questionnaires, and body weight.

The investigators will randomize overweight and obese iuan patients to Pio (45 mg/day, highest approved dose or placebo), WL (10% of body weight, following the established program used in the Diabetes Prevention Program), or Pio+WL. Participants will be evaluated at baseline and after 24 weeks of intervention while on a fixed metabolic diet to exclude the confounding effects of diet and perspiration. The primary endpoint will be change in upH, and multiple additional endpoints (serum, urine, imaging) will be assessed.

The goal of this intervention study is to examine changes in body composition, weight loss, and cardio-metabolic risk factors after adding supplementation of L-Beta aminoisobutyric acid (L-BAIBA) and Grains of Paradise to exercise in overweight and obese men and women. Participants will supplement for 8 weeks and complete a 8 week exercise protocol.

The prevalence of both overweight and obesity is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide. In fact, it is estimated that 2.16 billion adults (38%) will be overweight and 1.12 billion adults (20%) will be obese by 2030. Among other risk factors (e.g., environmental, behavioral, and medical), genetics holds an important role. Genome-wide association studies have discovered hundreds of loci associated with body mass index (BMI). Polygenic scores (PS) are generated from a combination of millions of genetic variants that are associated with BMI. Several diet intervention studies aimed at reducing body weight in overweight and obese individuals. However, the effect of genetic background on the effectiveness of diet interventions is largely unknown. To our knowledge, the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DIETFITS) trial is the only prospective study that has been designed to evaluate the effect of genotypes in modifying the impact of a healthy low-fat diet vs a healthy low-carbohydrate diet on weight change, but this study did not consider PS. The aim of our study is to determine whether BMI PS impacts the effectiveness of dietary intervention in reducing BMI among individuals with elevated BMI. To achieve this, the investigators will leverage the unique opportunity provided by the Finnish biobanks research environment to re-contact 1200 individuals who have extreme genetic predisposition for high/low BMI as measured by a PS for BMI and evaluate how a randomized diet intervention effect varies between the two extreme groups. In brief, the investigators will invite overweight (25-35 BMI) individuals with very high (Top 5%; n=600) and very low (Bottom 5%; n=600) PS for BMI. Half of the participants in each group will be subsequently randomized to enroll in a dietary/lifestyle coaching intervention program or the placebo group and not receive any dietary advice or information. All participants will be asked to answer an online questionnaire and provide a fasting blood sample at baseline and at the end of the study. This well-powered prospective study leverages the unique opportunity to re-contact individuals at the extremes of BMI PS from a large pool of individuals with already available genetic information. This study will determine whether BMI PS can be used to identify overweight and obese individuals who are more likely to succeed in a reduced-energy dietary intervention, which will assist our efforts in curbing the overweight and obesity epidemic.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of fundic ablation (FA) on circulating plasma ghrelin, satiation, and total body weight loss, as well as the incidence of adverse events. This procedure will be carried out with the HybridAPC (ERBE Elektromedizin GmbH, Tübingen, Germany). The HybridAPC instrument creates an electric current to deliver a safe amount of thermal injury to a portion of the stomach known as the gastric fundus. This thermal injury will target a hormone called ghrelin which is the only known hormone linked to increasing appetite, calorie intake, and weight gain. This procedure is designed to target the bodily effects of appetite control and gastric sensory and motor functions which cause the feeling of fullness and satiation. The fundic mucosal ablation is not typically done prior to the endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty procedure. When fundic mucosal ablation is sequentially paired with endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG), this combined investigational approach may lead to decreased fasting ghrelin levels, improved satiation, and greater total body weight loss than traditional ESG. This study will help determine if the combined impact of FA with ESG should be made available to patients as part of a comprehensive weight loss strategy.

The purpose of this research study is to evaluate how exercise and surgical weight loss affect how likely an individual is to develop peripheral neuropathy and other neurologic complications.

Mindfulness and Acceptance based Behavioral Therapies (MABTs) are among the most promising behavioral approaches for obesity, with two recent large trials showing that they achieve better initial weight loss and/or better weight loss maintenance than does gold standard BT. However, results vary, potentially due to inconsistencies in how MABT components are utilized and emphasized. Optimizing MABTs using a typical approach, i.e., successive randomized controlled trials of various MABT packages, is slow and difficult. Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) has been developed as a better method of optimizing treatment. Consistent with Phase I of MOST, we derived three MABT components from the theoretical literature. Evaluation of MABT components through a factorial design (MOST Phase II) will allow us to determine the independent and interacting efficacies of each MABT component, in addition to the identification of subsets of individuals most or least responsive to each component. Whereas mediational analyses have been inconclusive, the use of a factorial design will allow for a critical test of the main and interaction effects of individual MABT treatment components. The current study will use a full factorial design to identify the independent and combined effects of three core MABT components (Awareness, Acceptance, and Values Clarity) as additions to remotely delivered weight loss counseling. Moderators of treatment outcome (disinhibited eating, food cue susceptibility, emotional eating, delay discounting, and inhibitory control), and mediator/process variables implicated in MABTs (mindful eating, acceptance of food cues, mindfulness, body responsiveness, autonomous motivation, values clarity, hunger/satiety perceptions, and motivation and pleasure resulting from social functioning) will be assessed as well.