Active clinical trials for "Wounds and Injuries"

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a major complication with adverse outcomes after contrast media injection. Although the risk of developing CIAKI is low in patients with normal renal function, it is dramatically higher in patients with conditions such as diabetes mellitus (DM) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). More recently, our data showed that contrast agents can induce endothelial dysfunction partially via free radicals in diabetes. Therefore, strategies to prevent CIAKI and endothelial dysfunction in DM patients with CKD are urgently needed. Alpha-lipoic acid and its reduced form, dihydrolipoate, are potent antioxidants. We hypothesized that alpha lipoic acid can prevent the contrast-induced acute kidney injury and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.

Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic drug that has been used to decrease post-operative blood loss. This study is a prospective, randomized controlled trial investigating the use of tranexamic acid in fracture surgery around the hip and knee, in which significant blood loss (>300mL) is expected. The hypothesis of this study is that tranexamic acid will be associated with a decrease in post-operative blood loss, as well as a decreased need for allogenic blood transfusion, in patients who have fracture surgery around the hip and knee.

The investigators will obtain thromboelastography (TEG) on pediatric patients admitted to the Rady Children's Hospital ICU after traumatic brain injury on admission to our ICU and after 24 hours of care. The investigators hypothesize that TEG will identify abnormalities of coagulation that are not identified by traditional coagulation studies, i.e. prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and international normalized ratio (INR).

The objective of this sample collection study is to collect blood and urine samples. This study is observational and will have no impact on the medical management of the subject.

It is hypothesized that the long-term results of rehabilitation and subsequent aging after Brain Trauma depend on brain's premorbid anatomical (structural) and functional (cognitive, emotional) reserves. The purpose of this study are: to determine whether such reserves exist. to study their convergent and discriminant validity. to study their characteristics.

Background: After a traumatic spinal cord injury, a severe bone loss in the paralyzed extremities is observed. This leads to a osteoporosis which is connected to a high fracture risk. Aims: To compare the two measurement methods DEXA and pQCT concerning optimal diagnostics and assessment of fracture risk in subjects with spinal cord injury. Subjects: 250 women and 250 men (age≥18, any AIS-classification) with an acute or chronic spinal cord injury will be recruited for this study. For a reference group, 500 able-bodied persons will be measured analogously. Methods: Using DEXA-Osteodensitometry, bone parameters of the lumbar vertebral column, proximal femur, distal radius, distal tibia and knee area will be assessed. Additionally, geometric bone parameters of the tibia will be measured by using pQCT. All measurements will be done unilaterally. For the assessment of potential risk factors for reduced bone stiffness after spinal cord injury a questionnaire will be used.

Non-contrast MRI with T2 fat suppression has been a useful imaging modality in evaluation spinal trauma. However, the role of contrast enhancement has not investigated in patients with spinal trauma. Therefore, this prospective study aims to evaluate the usefulness of contrast enhanced MRI for spinal trauma W/U clinically. The study hypothesis is that there is no additional gain in addition of contrast enhanced study to routine non-contrast MRI.

Carbon dioxide infusion is a non surgical procedure applied via percutaneous, transdermal and subcutaneous. Increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide decreases pH activating local nitric oxide that stimulates collateral vessels formation, vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. Carbon dioxide infusion restores the blood flow in chronic wounds of the lower limbs.

Researchers are performing this study to evaluate if intraoperative angiography can be shown numerically to determine which wounds are at high risk of wound necrosis/breakdown.

To evaluate the surgical repercussions in patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury in the respiratory and motor systems, trunk biomechanics, functional capacity and quality of life.