Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

Obesity has been recognized as a risk factors for developing asthma. In a cohort of 5384 children aged 15-17, we aim to: To investigate the association of asthma prevalence at age 15-17 with body mass index (BMI) at age 15-17 and BMI at age 11-12 years Part II To investigate the association of BMI in adolescence and BMI at age 11-12 years with: Prevalence of allergic sensitization Lung function Levels of airway inflammation at age 16-18 years Severity of asthma Secondly, to assess diet and physical activity involvement as effect modifiers in these possible associations.

The obesity epidemic has reached down into the infant and toddler age group. Dietary indiscretion during pregnancy, particularly in our current food environment, is a major risk factor for both gestational diabetes and neonatal macrosomia (>4kg newborns), which is itself a risk factor for obesity and metabolic syndrome in the offspring, possibly even during childhood. Temporal increases in fructose consumption in the last two decades coincide with temporal increases weight gain during pregnancy and with increased birth weight, including a higher prevalence of macrosomic newborns. Our central hypothesis is that higher fructose consumption during pregnancy is a risk factor for infant obesity and metabolic syndrome.

The prevalence of individuals who are classified as overweight or obese is increasing all over the world and it represents a primary health concern due to the relationship between obesity and a number of diseases, disabilities, comorbidities, and mortality. The definition of obesity should consider not only the increase of body weight but more precisely the increase in body fat mass. However, body composition evaluation is rarely performed in overweight and obese subjects and the diagnosis is almost always achieved just considering body mass index (BMI). In fact, whereas BMI can be considered an important tool in epidemiological surveys, different papers stated the limitations of the use of BMI in single individuals. Aim: to assess the determinants of body composition in a population of overweight and obese subjects and to propose a different model of estimation of fat mass (FM) in these subjects when more reliable equipments for the evaluation of body composition are not available. Methods: in 103 overweight or obese subjects ( 74 women, aged 41.5±10 years, and 29 men, aged 43.8±8 years); a multidimensional evaluation was performed including the assessment of body composition using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA), anthropometry, bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, HDL- and LDL- cholesterol, free fatty acids and glycerol, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, plasma acylated and unacetylated ghrelin, adiponectin and leptin serum levels).

Obesity-induced chronic inflammation is a key component of the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Mounting evidence has demonstrated anti-inflammatory characteristics for vitamin D. Although analogues of vitamin D3 have extensively been used in the treatment of various chronic inflammatory diseases, to our knowledge, no such research is conducted in regards with obesity. The aim of this double blind clinical trial study is to investigate whether alphacalcidol treatment in obese subjects can affect the insulin resistance. Moreover, we will evaluate the pathways of Vitamin D receptor (VDR), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and eroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- coactivator-1 α (PGC1α) gene expressions which may lead to insulin resistance following treatment with either alphacalcidol or placebo.

Binge Eating Disorder (BED) may be associated with he development of obesity. However, the pathogenesis of BED is currently unclear, thus making the development of treatment and prevention strategies for BED difficult. Differences in the mechanisms regulating food intake may go some way to reveal potential mechanisms for BED.The purpose of this study is to investigate the responses of key gut-derived hormones that are associated with the regulation of food intake and functional brain activity to food cues using fMRI in BED patients and weight matched controls.

There are many substances naturally present in the mouth that may help us taste fat in food. Two of these substances (lipases and CD36) will be examined in this study. The presence of fat in food increases food tastiness, therefore people often over-eat high-fat foods and gain weight. The purpose of this study is to determine if blocking lipases and some genetic variations in the CD36 gene will make fatty food less tasty so that people eat less. Our hypothesis is that Orlistat and a particular gene will increase one's ability to detect fat.

After bariatric surgery , thromboembolics complications are major cause of mortality. However, in obese patients, thromboprophylaxia is a controversy. Fondaparinux' efficacy is superior to HBPM, and is a good treatment for this population. Pharmacokinetics information with Fondaparinux in this population are rare.

The main aim of this study is to analyze and report the preliminary and intermediate term outcomes after laparoscopic revision Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for weight recidivism. The foremost outcome measurements are 1) Fat loss mainly measured as weight loss and expressed as trends in BMI, %EWL, and/or %EBL; 2) Trend in Comorbidity status; and 3) Patient satisfaction and Health-Related Quality of Life "HR-QoL" measured by a standardized, non-validated subjective satisfaction questionnaire and the validated, disease-specific, Moorehead-Ardelt II QoL questionnaires, respectively; 4) Morbidity & Mortality including nutritional status and metabolic complications. Consequently, secondary objectives of this study are 1) to assess failure rate defined as percentage of excess weight loss < 50% , lowest BMI >35 for morbidly obese (MO) or >40 for superobese (SO), and/or lack of resolution/improvement of major comorbidities at the point in time when assessing preliminary and intermediate results after the surgery under analysis. 2) To evaluate the metabolic and nutritional status by measurements of particular clinical and biochemical parameters. This research is in line with the most current provocative new ideas and recent high impact publications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the very first outcome study of revisional malabsorptive distal gastric bypass surgery by laparoscopy with diverse revisional strategies such as revisional gastroplasty, revisional Fobi-Capella, revisional Adjustable Gastric Band, conversion to distal, and conversion to very, very long limb gastric bypass. Previously, several studies have addressed conversion to malabsorptive gastric bypass after a failed primary proximal gastric bypass but none has addressed the failed distal gastric bypass nor the adequate balance between increasing restriction and malabsorption for decreasing the risk of protein-calorie malnutrition.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the dose of prophylactic antibiotics at the time of cesarean delivery requires adjustment in obese and overweight patients in order to achieve optimal antimicrobial activity.

Bariatric surgery in the treatment of morbid obesity is associated with long-term weight-loss and decreased overall mortality. Long-term results have been reported for laparoscopic gastric bypass procedures but the long-term results of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy are yet unavailable. As sleeve gastrectomy is a rapid and less traumatic procedure with good short-term results of weight loss and resolution of comorbidities, the investigators initiated a prospective randomized two-center study comparing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG)with laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGB) in the treatment of morbid obesity. Study hypothesis: As sleeve gastrectomy is less traumatic, easier and faster to perform compared with gastric bypass,LSG could become the procedure of choice to treat morbid obesity if the long-term results of weight loss and resolution of comorbidities are comparable with laparoscopic gastric bypass.