Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

The objective of this study is to determine whether obesity has a protective effect on muscle proteolysis in hemodialysis patients submitted to a short starvation. This effect will be tested by comparing measuring muscle proteolysis, using regional infusion of a tracer amino acid (D5 phenylalanine) in two groups of obese and non-obese patients compared to obese and non-obese control subjects.

Obesity is a major public health issue and its association with insulin resistance greatly increases risks for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Exercise training is recommended for obese populations, but longitudinal studies indicate aerobic exercise training in obese individuals in the absence of weight loss has minimal impact on insulin resistance. High turnover of fat stored within muscle cells (i.e., intramyocellular triglyceride) during exercise and elevated muscle fitness (i.e., muscle oxidative capacity) are key features of the enhanced insulin sensitivity observed in endurance-trained individuals. It could be that longitudinal studies of exercise training in obese individuals failed to sufficiently stimulate intramyocellular triglyceride turnover during exercise and muscle oxidative adaptation as a result of failure to consider the impact of recent nutrition within their study designs. Performing exercise in the fed vs. fasted state can blunt these exercise responses in non-obese individuals. The researchers will investigate the hypothesis that an acute bout of aerobic exercise performed in the overnight-fasted versus fed-state can stimulate greater intramyocellular triglyceride utilization during exercise and enhanced expression of genes related to muscle oxidative adaptation in obese individuals. The expected outcomes will help to determine if exercising in the fasted state could be used to optimise metabolic adaptation to training in obese individuals. The future impact of this research could be the recommendation of a simple nutritional strategy considering meal timing to enhance the effects of aerobic exercise training in obese individuals, with potential long-term benefits for reducing insulin resistance and cardio-metabolic disease risk.

The purpose of this study is to investigate potential metabolic effects of resveratrol in morbidly obese women undergoing gastric bypass surgery. The investigators hypothesize that resveratrol will: Decrease hepatic very-low-density-lipoprotein-triglyceride (VLDL-TG) secretion Decrease hepatic and adipose tissue VLDL-TG uptake Increase insulin sensitivity The investigators will look at changes in: Lipid turnover (VLDL-TG kinetics, palmitate kinetics,calorimetry) VLDL-TG uptake in different tissues (subcutaneous femoral adipose tissue, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue and liver tissue) Insulin sensitivity (glucose kinetics during hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp) Regulation of liver fat handling Lipoprotein lipase activity and fat cell size (abdominal and femoral adipose tissue)

In the study of a population of severe asthmatics, not controlled despite the treatment conducted, it was possible to evidence 5 phenotypic groups of patients. According to the refractoriness of the response to treatment, severe asthma may be phenotype in some distinct groups.Other prospective study found a large proportion of severe asthmatics with persistent airway obstruction, despite optimized treatment and systematic follow-up. Small airway involvement and remodelling, characterized by bronchial muscle thickening, appear to be the main culprits for asthma severity and persistent obstruction in this population.A point of interest in the severe asthmatics cohort was the vast majority were female and there were a considerable number of obese. Recent reviews show that the more consistent division of phenotypes in patients with severe asthma is still based on 3 previously described criteria (presence of atopy, eosinophilia and age of onset of asthma) and a more recent criterion for the presence of multi-comorbidities. Heterogeneity is the rule, the presumption of a natural evolution of gravity is not confirmed and the overlap of clusters is frequent. The stability and natural history of the phenotypes is poorly understood, postulating that the inflammatory activation of the severe asma is multifactorial and may resemble that described in the oncology literature.To date, there are no markers that allow prediction of lung evolution of most patients with severe asthma, and which patients are at greater risk of developing persistent or accelerated loss airflow or lung function, factors determining the severity of asthma. It is also unclear whether and how much phenotype-based treatment impact on disease control and prognosis. Future studies will be instrumental in defining how and why. These phenotypes are evolving, leading to the disabling characteristics of severe asthma and what may be the more effective therapeutic approaches for these patients. Since the initiated research group from 2006 has an extensive clinical, functional, inflammatory, tomographic and morphological evaluation of a cohort of patients with severe asthma, the ideal scenario exists to advance the understanding and investigation of the evolution of this rare disease through standardized follow-up.

One of the most common post-operative deficiencies or complications of bariatric surgery is protein malnutrition. It may lead to many predicaments such as malnutrition, vitamin, micro- and macronutrient deficiencies that can lead to deleterious consequences. A protein-rich diet make a person feel satiety and thereby the consumption will be low in overall energy intake. The objectives of our study are. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of protein supplementation on changes in health parameters such as fat mass, muscle mass, weigh change, protein (total and albumin), Vit B12, Zinc and Magnesium, in Qatari patients post bariatric surgery. Our participants are Qatari aged 18-45 years males and females recruited from the bariatric surgery centers of 2 major HMC hospitals (HGH hospital) and will be randomized to receive either the protein supplement (treatment group) or a dietary advice (control group). All participants will be equally followed and monitored for 3 months and data on the above parameters will be collected, together with other population characteristics, at Baseline, 1 month and 3 month. Data will then be analyzed using the most up-to-date SPSS statistical package to assess the effect of protein supplementation on the parameters of interest. Statistical measures will be carefully chosen to properly assess the difference in the treatment (protein supplementation) effect compared with the control (Dietary advice). Investigators hypothesize that Patients receiving protein supplement (intervention group) Compared with patient not on protein supplement (placebo group) will maintain weight loss and other essential health parameters.

The investigators developed the Aviitam® online platform. The purpose of the project is to test the medico-economic impact related to the utilization of the Aviitam online platform in primary care. Primary objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness at 24 months follow-up of the utilization of the Aviitam® online software in primary care for people with obesity and at least one comorbidity compared to a usual follow-up in primary care. Secondary objectives: Weight loss; quality of life ; blood pressure change; changes in lipid profile, blood glucose and HbA1c; physician satisfaction; patients satisfaction, profiling of patients and data mining analysis on the collected data. Method : Overweight & obese patients with associated comorbidities will receive a 24 months follow-up to assess the impact of the use of the online platform Aviitam®. Practitioners will be randomized by lot between an Aviitam® group and a control group (usual care). A medico-economic analysis will be conducted with a cost-effectiveness analysis and a budget impact analysis. With no hypothesis on the primary endpoint, the calculation of the required number of subjects was based on the quality of life. 150 patients will be included per group Patients of the 2 groups will be assessed at baseline and after 24 months. The first day of each month, each patient included in the study will receive a questionnaire to fill online to evaluate their health care consumption in the previous month and the EQ5D questionnaire , a standardized questionnaire validated in French to assess the effects on health and to be used to calculate cost - utility. Expected results and perspectives Proving the effectiveness of the Aviitam® online program focused on non-drug therapies and therapeutic lifestyle changes for overweight and obesity management with reduced health costs, improvement in quality of life, reduction in weight and improvement of comorbidities. In terms of public health, the use of the platform Aviitam® can be expect to improve management of excess body weight and reduced health costs. Furthermore, Aviitam® could be a valuable tool to support healthcare professionals in outpatient therapeutic education approaches.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of resistance training on sarcopenic obesity in older women.

RATIONALE: A diet and physical activity program followed by a weight-loss maintenance program may help obese black women lose weight. It is not yet known whether a weight-loss program is more effective than a general health education program in helping obese black women lose weight. Weight loss may reduce a person's risk of developing cancer. PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying a weight-loss program to see how well it works in helping obese black women lose weight.

To pilot a stand-alone mobile phone intervention with Latino caregivers of 2- to 5-year olds, using a prospective control group design, to assess feasibility and preliminary effect sizes on children's BMI changes (primary outcome) and dietary and physical activity changes (secondary outcomes) at 6 months post-baseline, in preparation for a larger randomized trial to evaluate the intervention's efficacy.

The present study aims to describe the results of a modified gastric bypass surgery to ensure endoscopic access to the excluded remaining stomach, as well as to monitor the clinical conditions of comorbidities and the patient's quality of life, since associated complications can be found to the excluded stomach, such as: bile reflux, gastritis and / or gastric and duodenal ulcer, H. pylori infection, bleeding, gastric polyps and the possibility of gastric cancer in patients undergoing RYGB (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass), with one of the probable factors being the occurrence reflux of the duodenal content into the excluded portion of the stomach. In this sense, based on technical concepts of an established surgical procedure, the RYGB, the present project is not a proposal for a new procedure, but an adaptation of an existing technique. The proposal of the present study is about adaptations in RYGB surgery, which will enable endoscopic access to the remaining stomach, through the creation of a gastric communication.