Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

Sleeve gastrectomy, the most commonly performed bariatric surgery procedure, carries limitations both short-term including postoperative complications such as hemorrhage and gastric fistula and long-term such as weight regain and gastro-esophageal reflux. A new procedure has been proposed to overcome many of these limitations: laparoscopic vertical clip gastroplasty (LVCG) with Bariclip. Primary outcome were major postoperative complications. Secondary outcomes included weight loss, incidence of de-novo GERD and comorbidity resolution.

ACTION APAC is a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive, and exploratory survey-based study without collection of laboratory data. The study is not related to any specific treatment options or pharmaceutical product. Collection of data will be performed via quantitative online survey by a third-party vendor through existing databases/panels in APAC region. The goal of this study is to provide insights to drive awareness around the needs of People Living with Obesity (PLwO) and Health Care Professionals (HCPs) involved in obesity treatment and management.

Conservative treatment of patients with morbid obesity is inefficient, which is why surgical treatment is necessary. Although bariatric treatment is associated with the occurrence of complications resulting from the procedure or from nutritional insufficiencies, it leads to significant body mass reduction and metabolic improvement of obese patients. The aim of the study was to determine the clinical condition of obese patients after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy ( LSG) in terms of nutritional status, metabolic disorders and way of nutrition. The study conduced 4 visits: preliminary visit (1 day before the surgery) and control visits (1, 3 and 6 months after the surgery). Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria the observational study was conducted among 30 participants (15 women and 15 men).

Syndromic obesity are rare forms of obesity (1% of cases), involving severe obesity and early to multi organ involvement (mental retardation, dysmorphic, sensorineural damage and / or endocrine). To date, the genetic defects are identified in only 5% of cases (Prader-Willi syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, mutation of leptin or its receptor, the proconvertase-1, proopiomelanocortin or SIM-1 and TRKB genes, high resolution karyotype or abnormal DNA chips, ...). Precocity and severity of obesity are those for a little dependent genetic environment. The investigators aim is to identify new gene variants in subjects with syndromic obesity sharing common phenotypic features.

This study investigate the progression of labour in 144 normal weight pregnant women (BMI <30) and 144 obese pregnant women (BMI >30) , not in labor admitted for induction of labor. These women are to be investigated for success of induction of labor.

The purpose of the study is to investigate wether the use of the Stortz video laryngoscope will render in shorter time for the intubation of obese patients compared with the use of a conventional Macintosh laryngoscope.

The purpose of this study is to identify unique metabolite signatures associated with the development of Type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease in children. We have a sub-study, with the purpose to validate the presence of a genetic marker (DENND1A) in the urine of adolescent females with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Despite broad awareness of the role that diet plays in increasing obesity risk, adherence to public health recommendations for maintaining healthy eating is low. Insights gained from weight loss intervention trials find that trial participants report difficulty in restricting calories, dissatisfaction with the pace of weight loss, inability to control eating, low palatability of recommended foods and strong food cravings. Indeed, recent systematic reviews provide empirical support that these subjective experiences that trial participants describe likely represent eating-related traits or phenotypes . While amassing evidence supports individual variation in these eating-related traits, to date there has been no systematic effort to characterize robust eating-related phenotypes. Proposed is a Sub-study initially planned to be piggy-backed on a planned Study being conducted by investigators at the University of North Carolina (UNC-- Linnan, Dilworth- Anderson & Evans). The UNC Parent Study was a feasibility study using community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches to explore possible intervention strategies aimed to reduce the burden of chronic disease and cancer among African American families. The NHGRI-led eating behavior Sub-study is proposed to be integrated with the UNC Parent Study (hereafter referred to as Phase 1). The additional aims of the Sub-study (hereafter referred to as Phase 2) are to gain understanding of whether we can characterize clusters of eating-related behaviors that may be associated with adherence to weight management and weight outcomes. This current protocol lays out the specific qualitative activities planned for Phase 1 which include conducting structured interviews with Black Family Reunion organizers (N=8) and a sample of reunion participants (N=40). We also describe the larger quantitative survey proposed for Phase 2. Pending the feasibility of the sub-study with the African-American community, we will collect information on eating-related behaviors in a large sample of individuals (N=350). If the initial assessments (Phase1) prove that this is not a viable study to be conducted in that setting, we will consider other population groups and other settings. We are also considering Phase 3 activities if we identify clusters of eating-related phenotypes within individuals. Amended IRB applications will be submitted prior to launching Phase 3.

Background: - Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and MC4R genetic mutations are two conditions that can cause problems with appetite regulation. People with PWS often have behavior and thinking problems. People with MC4R mutations may have problems with attention. These problems may be related to Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), a protein that is important for brain development. Researchers want to study people with PWS and MC4R mutations to see how BDNF is involved in these conditions. Specifically, body weight and brain function will be studied, and compared with healthy volunteers. Objectives: - To study how BDNF affects body weight and brain function in people with PWS and MC4R mutations. Eligibility: Individuals of any age who have Prader-Willi syndrome or MC4R genetic mutations. Healthy volunteers of any age to act as control participants. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical exam. Height, weight, and waist/hip circumferences will be measured. Blood samples will be taken for genetic and other tests. Participants will fill out questionnaires about eating habits, pain perception, and sleep behavior. Participants will keep a 3-day food diary to record all food and drinks eaten. Tests and questionnaires will be given to study thinking, speech, movement, behavior, and mood. Some tests will be done on a computer; other tests will be on paper. Tests may also involve performing tasks with blocks and other objects. Participants may have other tests as directed. These will include hot and cold sensitivity tests, imaging studies like x-rays, and measurements of body fat and water content. Treatment will not be provided as part of this study.

Some overweight individuals develop problems with their breathing such that they gradually breathe less and less. This leads to a lack of oxygen and a buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood, called ventilatory failure. As a consequence, if such a person develops a chest infection, they are more likely to become seriously ill and need intensive care. In addition they are much more likely to develop severe complications during and following operations. This problem can be treated with a machine at home used overnight to help breathing. It is interesting that ventilatory failure only happens in some overweight individuals, and the investigators do not understand what factors make this complication develop. There are a number of theories: for example the distribution of the fat, additional lung disease (such as asthma), the addition of obstructive sleep apnoea, a condition when there are periods of cessation of breathing overnight (which is more common in obese individuals), weak muscles of breathing (perhaps due to fatty infiltration of muscles or vitamin D deficiency), and other hormonal changes. The investigators intend to measure many potential factors in a range of overweight individuals, some who have ventilatory failure, and some who do not, to try and work out which are the important factors that cause this problem. If the investigators can identify such factors, then this will help predict in advance who is at risk from chest infections and during operations; thus allowing for earlier provision of an overnight breathing machine. This should reduce complications and potentially deaths in such individuals.