Active clinical trials for "Obesity"

Hypothesis: Obesity in children of Cuenca is related with socioeconomical status and physical activity habits. Summary: The prevalence of obesity and overweigh in all age groups are increasing rapidly in the world. Some factors like physical activity, socioeconomical status, dietary habits, gender, besides genetic factors influence in the development of obesity. In Cuenca - Ecuador lack information related to prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and the risk factors related. Socioeconomical status and quality of physical activity are assessed using specially designed questionnaires in a randomized sample of children 6 to 9 years of age of Cuenca city. Nutritional status is assessed using body mass index, relation weight/age and height/age. These data are helpful to develop programs focused to improve nutritional status in scholars of Cuenca.

The purpose of this study is to examine risk factors associated with infant growth and the development of obesity in the first year of life. The investigators plan to establish a racially and ethnically diverse southern cohort of 800 mother/infant dyads, followed regularly from birth to 12 months of age. The cohort will be residents of Durham, North Carolina (NC) and the immediate surrounding area. The proposed longitudinal study will examine factors contributing to the development of obesity, including dietary behaviors, physical activity and inactivity, stress, and sleep duration and quality. Frequent in-home assessments throughout infancy and contact with other care providers will help pinpoint exactly when children begin to gain weight excessively and will identify risk factors related to energy intake, energy expenditure, stress, and sleep associated with obesity.

Subjective measures of satiety are correlated with biologic mechanisms of appetite control.

Increasing risk of impaired renal function as a result of obesity is well known. Early data has postulated that weight loss might improve kidney function, but the evidence is rather limited due to the difficulties in measuring glomerular filtration rate(GFR) after weight loss. Cystatin C, GFR measurement using Cockcroft-Gault (CCG) and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equations, have all yield conflicting results after weight loss surgery. The study aim to assess: use of 51Cr-EDTA Clearance as the methodological gold standard in evaluating changes in renal function before and after weight loss surgery. the reliability of using MDRD, CCG and Cystatin C in measuring GFR after weight loss surgery the differences in alterations in renal function dependent on the surgical procedures( gastric bypass, gastric band, sleeve gastrectomy). the use of urine albumin/creatinine ratio in detecting alterations in microalbuminuria.

To study the first hypothesis, a retrospective cohort analysis of Air Force members from January 2005 to December 2010 will be performed to evaluate the association of obesity as an independent predictor variable with musculoskeletal disease as the dependent variable.

Obesity is a disease not always attributable to nutritional imbalance, frequently associated with changes in key hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) axes. The regain of weight loss after hypochaloric diets has been ascribed to these HP disregulations. The aim of the study is to explore pituitary morphology and its association with pituitary function and metabolic phenotype in outpatient obese individuals evaluated in the period 2010-2013 at the Department of Experimental Medicine of the University of Rome La Sapienza, with features of HP disease in a cross-sectional .

The study aims to provide a better understanding of the neural influence of eating behavior in the development of childhood obesity. Children ages 4-8 will be recruited to examine fMRI brain response to pictures that signal delivery of a chocolate milkshake and to the taste itself. The brain response will be compared to body mass index percentile scores for each child to help us determine whether brain differences present in adolescents and adults with obesity are present in young children.

To examine the relationship of obesity and body fat distribution to lipoprotein concentrations in members of the Strong Heart Study.

To conduct a longitudinal study of central obesity and related risk factors found to be associated with hypertension and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in a previously-examined cross-sectional cohort of second-generation Japanese Americans and in a newly-recruited cohort of third generation Japanese Americans.

This is a longitudinal cohort study of how the responses to a 3 day period of controlled overfeeding relate to subsequent weight gain. We hypothesize that thin individuals are resistant to weight gain because they respond to periods of overfeeding by increasing fat oxidation, reducing food intake, and increasing physical activity relative to those who gain weight over time.