Active clinical trials for "Neoplasms"

The concept of breath testing for various diseases has been around since ancient greece. It has been hypothesized that cancer is generating a unique pattern of compounds in patients' breath. This study is trying to characterize a novel system, based on nanoparticles technology, for cancer diagnosis through breath samples.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the presence of proteins in solid tumors which may lead to an immune response

The purpose of this study is to investigate the pathogenesis of hemangiomas of infancy as they relate to normal pregnancies and those pregnancies complicated by placenta abnormalities. Women of all gestational ages will be enrolled in the study. Maternal serum, placental, and cord blood samples will be obtained for each subject. A medical history will be obtained for each subject. Post-delivery a member of the study team will perform a cutaneous exam of the infant to establish what birthmarks are present at birth. Mother will receive four phone call follow ups to determine if the infant has had any skin changes. If yes, mother will be asked to bring the child in for evaluation. If a hemangioma is diagnosed, a blood draw will be performed.

There are two regions in the adult brain that exhibit neuronal stem and progenitor cells, generating new neurons postnatally and throughout adulthood. One is the so called subventricular zone the other is the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Adult neurogenesis is a physiological process representing an important functional impact for certain brain areas, especially the hippocampus. The hippocampal formation plays an important role in long-term memory and spatial navigation. Inhibition of adult neurogenesis in mice by chemotherapy or radiation is followed by significant deficits in hippocampal memory functions while hippocampus-independent memory is unaffected. Clinical trials had shown that chemotherapy and brain radiation lead to cognitive dysfunction. However, the exact mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still unidentified. The aim of our study is to investigate, whether the inhibition of adult neural stem cell proliferation in the hippocampus by intrathecal chemotherapy and/or cerebral radiation is responsible for treatment induced memory deficits. We will investigate patients suffering from acute lymphatic leukaemia (ALL) that receive prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy and brain irradiation. The study represents a longitudinal investigation including a virtual "humanized" version of the morris-water-maze to test hippocampus dependent spatial memory, as well as MR-imaging for morphological (volumetry) and biochemical (spectroscopy) data.

The investigators hypothesize that aberrant hypermethylation of tumour suppressor genes is an important mechanism for Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) - related gastric carcinogenesis, the promoter hypermethylation status and the expression of S100A2 and TFF1 might be different between EBV-associated gastric cancer (GC) and non EBV-associated GC.

Lung cancer is the No. cause of cancer death in Taiwan. Yet most of lung cancer are diagnosed at late stage, not amenable to surgical resection. With the introduction of new targeted agents, such as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and the identification of EGFR mutations, lung cancer management has markedly changed in recent years. However, these new agents are costly and their payment is restricted in certain situations defined National Insurance Agency. Therefore, using databases from National Insurance Agency might not be able to reflect the exact impact on pharmacoeconomics. In this study, the investigators will analyze the data from a tertiary medical center, where all the costs including insurance reimbursement, co-payment, and payment not covered by insurance. The investigators will also compare with the investigators results with national database to analyze the cost benefit of these new agents on lung cancer.

To study the association between aristolochic acid and urothelial carcinoma in Taiwan

The aims of this study were divided into three parts: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of GP73 for the diagnosis of hepatitis B related HCC. Established the standard of GP73 in normal people. To definitude the connections between the GP73 level and various diseases. To find the relations of HCC metastasis and recurrence. Study design: Collectivity type: Prospective，randomized, controlled, multi-central clinical study. Patients: The subjects were from different hospitals including: Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), The Cancer Hospital of Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), QiDong Cancer Institute, and Department of Surgery University of Chicago from November of 2007 till the end of this study. Study arrangement: This study was consisted of three parts: Established the standard of normal people and test the sensitivity and specificity of HCC patients. The samples were acquired from Health Screen Center and Department of liver surgery of PUMCH, The Cancer Hospital of PUMC and QiDong Cancer Institute. Extend the study bound, including the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers. The HBV (+) samples were come from Chinese hospitals and institutions. The HCV (+) samples were provide by the Department of Surgery University of Chicago. Research the relations of serum GP73 level and the other diseases, such as other malignant liver tumors, liver metastatic tumors, liver benign tumor, HCC recurrence following surgery etc.

This study prospectively evaluates the accuracy of the noninvasive diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma.

In this trial will be investigated if a defunctioning loop stoma used in low anterior resection of the rectum for cancer can be reversed after 14 days instead of 3-12 months which is present clinical practise.