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Maternal Tdap Immunization in Guatemala

Primary Purpose

Pertussis, Whooping Cough

Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 2
Locations
Guatemala
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Tdap
Td
Sponsored by
Emory University
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional prevention trial for Pertussis focused on measuring Maternal Immunization, Tdap, Td, Pertussis

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - 40 Years (Adult)All SexesAccepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Pregnant woman in late second or third trimester of pregnancy (i.e., after 27 weeks gestation),
  2. Between the ages of 18 and 40 years (inclusive),
  3. Intends to remain in the study area for at least seven months after delivery,
  4. Has access to a mobile phone (defined as a phone in the possession of the participant or another family member with whom she lives),
  5. Able to provide informed consent. If participant is illiterate, procedures to ensure full understanding of the research and consent process will be implemented according to international and federal guidelines.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. History of fever or oral temperature ≥ 38.0 degree Celsius within 48 hours prior to vaccination (women can be re-evaluated at a subsequent visit),
  2. Received Tdap vaccine in the previous year,
  3. History of serious systemic disease, including but not limited to: Guillain-Barré syndrome; known HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C infection; heart/lung disease; uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (including gestational diabetes); chronic liver/kidney disease; clinically significant neurological disorders. This information will be based on self-reporting and (where possible) will be confirmed by health facility medical records.
  4. High risk pregnancy, as identified by the Normas de Atención en Salud Integral, a guideline document published by the Ministry of Health, and also any previous complicated pregnancy or preterm delivery, spontaneous or medical abortion, or previous congenital anomaly,
  5. Received immunoglobulin or other blood product within the preceding 3 month (with the exception of Rhogam),
  6. History of allergy to any component of the vaccines (i.e. eggs, egg proteins, gelatin, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polyethylene glycol p-isooctylphenyl ether, sucrose, aluminum hydroxide, polysorbate 80) or to latex,
  7. History of severe reaction (including hypersensitivity) after receiving any vaccine,
  8. History or evidence of immunosuppression (due to illness or treatment) or is on immunosuppressive therapy (includes long term use of steroids; use of high-dose inhaled steroids within past six months; with the exception of treatment with betamethasone or dexamethasone injections for the prevention of lung immaturity in the last trimester of pregnancy,
  9. In the opinion of the study team - it would be unsafe or unsuitable for the pregnant mother or her fetus to receive the vaccine or participate in the study.

Sites / Locations

  • Universidad del Valle de Guatemala

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Experimental

Active Comparator

Arm Label

Tdap Vaccine

Td Vaccine

Arm Description

Combination Tetnus Toxoid, Reduced Diptheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertusis (Tdap)

Tetanus toxoid and reduced diphtheria toxoid vaccine (Td)

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Infant pertussis antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMC) and 95% confidence intervals at birth (cord blood OR infant blood within 72 hours of birth), at 2 months of age, and 7 months of age
Ratio of infant to mother pertussis antibody levels at the time of delivery
Proportion of infants with at least a four-fold rise in serum antibody titer between 2 months and seven months of age (i.e., at four weeks after the 3rd dose of childhood DTwP)
Maternal pertussis antibody GMC and 95% confidence intervals at baseline (pre-vaccination), within 72 hours after delivery, and seven months post-partum
Proportion of mothers sero-converting (serum pertussis antibody titer increase of ≥ 4-fold compared to pre-vaccination antibody levels) and 95% confidence intervals at the time of delivery (within 72 hours after delivery) and seven months post-partum

Secondary Outcome Measures

Incidence of illnesses meeting the syndromic case definition (defined below); prematurity; pneumonia (per WHO Integrated Management of Childhood Illness [IMCI] classification)
Birth weight and infant growth/anthropometric measurements (e.g., height and weight for age).
Incidence of unsolicited non-serious (grades 1 & 2) adverse events 7 days post-delivery (for neonates)
Infant growth/anthropometric measurements (e.g., height and weight z-scores at birth and 7 months of age)
Incidence of serious (grades 3 & 4) adverse events through 7 months of age
Laboratory (real-time PCR) confirmed pertussis infection in infants younger than 6 months of age
Incidence of unsolicited non-serious (grades 1&2) AEs 28 days post vaccination
Incidence of serious (grades 3 & 4) adverse events through 7 months post-partum
Infant pertussis antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMC) and 95% confidence intervals at 19 months after delivery

Full Information

First Posted
November 22, 2014
Last Updated
October 13, 2019
Sponsor
Emory University
Collaborators
Universidad del Valle, Guatemala
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT02301702
Brief Title
Maternal Tdap Immunization in Guatemala
Official Title
Evaluation of Tdap in Pregnancy to Prevent Infant Pertussis
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
October 2019
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
July 2016 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
August 13, 2019 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
August 13, 2019 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
Emory University
Collaborators
Universidad del Valle, Guatemala

4. Oversight

Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Maternal immunization with tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) is a potential strategy to protect young infants against pertussis before they are fully vaccinated because maternal antibodies may cross the placenta and passively protect her infant. The proposed study is a randomized, blinded, controlled, vaccine trial of maternal Tdap vaccination during the third trimester of pregnancy (Tdap vaccination at 27-36 weeks gestation). Pregnant women will be recruited from the prenatal care clinics at the Hospital Nacional Occidente and the Health Centers in Quetzaltenango, La Esperanza, San Juan Ostuncalco and Concepción Chiquirichapa. Enrolled women and their infants will be followed up until 7 months post-partum.
Detailed Description
The proposed study is a randomized, blinded, controlled, vaccine trial of maternal Tdap vaccination during the third trimester of pregnancy (Tdap vaccination at 27-36 weeks gestation). Pregnant women will be recruited from the prenatal care clinics at the Hospital Nacional de Occidente and the Health Centers in Quetzaltenango, La Esperanza, San Juan Ostuncalco and Concepción Chiquirichapa. All healthy pregnant women between the ages of 18 and 40 years (inclusive) at 27 weeks gestation or later who are in the study areas will be eligible to participate in this study unless they meet one or more of the exclusion criteria. Pregnant women at <27 weeks gestation will be pre-screened and provided information about the study to encourage them to enroll later in their pregnancy. Women who are eligible will be enrolled after obtaining informed consent, and then they will be randomized to receive Tdap vaccine or Td vaccine. Enrolled women and their infants will be followed up until 7 months postpartum. To address the primary objective, serum specimens will be collected from mothers prior to receiving the study product (Tdap or Td), within 72 hours after delivery and at 7 months post-partum. Moreover, infants specimens will be collected at delivery (cord blood or infant blood within 72 hours of birth), at 2 months of age (prior to the first dose of the routine childhood DTwP series), and at 7 months of age (approximately 4 weeks after the third dose of the routine DTwP series). Infants will be given all three doses of the pentavalent vaccine which includes DTwP vaccine at 2, 4 and 6 months (routine childhood immunizations) as recommended by the immunization schedule of Guatemala's National Immunization Program. Adverse events and serious adverse events will also be monitored.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Pertussis, Whooping Cough
Keywords
Maternal Immunization, Tdap, Td, Pertussis

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Prevention
Study Phase
Phase 2
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
ParticipantInvestigator
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
286 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Tdap Vaccine
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Combination Tetnus Toxoid, Reduced Diptheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertusis (Tdap)
Arm Title
Td Vaccine
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Tetanus toxoid and reduced diphtheria toxoid vaccine (Td)
Intervention Type
Biological
Intervention Name(s)
Tdap
Other Intervention Name(s)
Boostrix, Adacel
Intervention Description
Commercially available, U.S. and Guatemala licensed, 0.5mL intramuscular injection combination tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine
Intervention Type
Biological
Intervention Name(s)
Td
Intervention Description
The tetanus toxoid and reduced diphtheria toxoid vaccine (Td) used for this study will be the same preparation used by the National Immunization Program of Guatemala
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Infant pertussis antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMC) and 95% confidence intervals at birth (cord blood OR infant blood within 72 hours of birth), at 2 months of age, and 7 months of age
Time Frame
Birth to 7 months of age
Title
Ratio of infant to mother pertussis antibody levels at the time of delivery
Time Frame
Birth to 7 months of age
Title
Proportion of infants with at least a four-fold rise in serum antibody titer between 2 months and seven months of age (i.e., at four weeks after the 3rd dose of childhood DTwP)
Time Frame
Birth to 7 months of age
Title
Maternal pertussis antibody GMC and 95% confidence intervals at baseline (pre-vaccination), within 72 hours after delivery, and seven months post-partum
Time Frame
Pre-vaccination to 7 months post-partum
Title
Proportion of mothers sero-converting (serum pertussis antibody titer increase of ≥ 4-fold compared to pre-vaccination antibody levels) and 95% confidence intervals at the time of delivery (within 72 hours after delivery) and seven months post-partum
Time Frame
Pre-vaccination to 7 months post-partum
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Incidence of illnesses meeting the syndromic case definition (defined below); prematurity; pneumonia (per WHO Integrated Management of Childhood Illness [IMCI] classification)
Time Frame
Birth to 7 months of age
Title
Birth weight and infant growth/anthropometric measurements (e.g., height and weight for age).
Time Frame
Birth to 7 months of age
Title
Incidence of unsolicited non-serious (grades 1 & 2) adverse events 7 days post-delivery (for neonates)
Time Frame
Birth to 7 months of age
Title
Infant growth/anthropometric measurements (e.g., height and weight z-scores at birth and 7 months of age)
Time Frame
Birth to 7 months of age
Title
Incidence of serious (grades 3 & 4) adverse events through 7 months of age
Time Frame
Birth to 7 months of age
Title
Laboratory (real-time PCR) confirmed pertussis infection in infants younger than 6 months of age
Time Frame
Birth to 7 months of age
Title
Incidence of unsolicited non-serious (grades 1&2) AEs 28 days post vaccination
Time Frame
Pre-vaccination to 7 months post-partum
Title
Incidence of serious (grades 3 & 4) adverse events through 7 months post-partum
Time Frame
Pre-vaccination to 7 months post-partum
Title
Infant pertussis antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMC) and 95% confidence intervals at 19 months after delivery
Time Frame
Pre-vaccination to 19 mo post-partum

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
40 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant woman in late second or third trimester of pregnancy (i.e., after 27 weeks gestation), Between the ages of 18 and 40 years (inclusive), Intends to remain in the study area for at least seven months after delivery, Has access to a mobile phone (defined as a phone in the possession of the participant or another family member with whom she lives), Able to provide informed consent. If participant is illiterate, procedures to ensure full understanding of the research and consent process will be implemented according to international and federal guidelines. Exclusion Criteria: History of fever or oral temperature ≥ 38.0 degree Celsius within 48 hours prior to vaccination (women can be re-evaluated at a subsequent visit), Received Tdap vaccine in the previous year, History of serious systemic disease, including but not limited to: Guillain-Barré syndrome; known HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C infection; heart/lung disease; uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (including gestational diabetes); chronic liver/kidney disease; clinically significant neurological disorders. This information will be based on self-reporting and (where possible) will be confirmed by health facility medical records. High risk pregnancy, as identified by the Normas de Atención en Salud Integral, a guideline document published by the Ministry of Health, and also any previous complicated pregnancy or preterm delivery, spontaneous or medical abortion, or previous congenital anomaly, Received immunoglobulin or other blood product within the preceding 3 month (with the exception of Rhogam), History of allergy to any component of the vaccines (i.e. eggs, egg proteins, gelatin, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polyethylene glycol p-isooctylphenyl ether, sucrose, aluminum hydroxide, polysorbate 80) or to latex, History of severe reaction (including hypersensitivity) after receiving any vaccine, History or evidence of immunosuppression (due to illness or treatment) or is on immunosuppressive therapy (includes long term use of steroids; use of high-dose inhaled steroids within past six months; with the exception of treatment with betamethasone or dexamethasone injections for the prevention of lung immaturity in the last trimester of pregnancy, In the opinion of the study team - it would be unsafe or unsuitable for the pregnant mother or her fetus to receive the vaccine or participate in the study.
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Saad B. Omer, MBBS,MPH,PhD
Organizational Affiliation
Emory University
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Universidad del Valle de Guatemala
City
Guatemala
ZIP/Postal Code
01015
Country
Guatemala

12. IPD Sharing Statement

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Maternal Tdap Immunization in Guatemala

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