Cognitive Stimulation Therapy for Dementia

The Effect of Cognitive Stimulation Therapy on Daily Life Activities, Depression and Life Satisfaction in Individuals With Dementia Nursing Home

Aim: The aim of this study is to reveal the effectiveness of cognitive stimulation therapy on activities of daily living, depression and life satisfaction in individuals with mild dementia living in nursing homes.

This randomized controlled experimental study was conducted between 30 March-27 May 2022, with a total of 60 individuals (30 in control and 30 in intervention group) living in Adana and Seyhan Nursing Home Elderly Care and Rehabilitation Centers. The data of the study were collected with the Personal Information Form based on the literature, the Standardized Mini Mental Test (SMMT), the Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index, the Lawton and Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale, the Cornell Dementia in Dementia Scale (CDS) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. In order to conduct the study, the approval of the Clinical Research Ethics Committee, written institutional permission and written permission from the participants were obtained. The individuals in the intervention group started with the introduction and pre-test application in the first week and applied CST for 45 minutes twice a week for the next 7 weeks, while the individuals in the control group started with the introduction and pre-test application in the first week and performed two sessions for one week and two days and continued their daily lives in the following weeks. The study was terminated in 9 weeks by applying the post-test to both groups in the last week. Due to the 3-month follow-up study, measurements will be made for the last time in September with the SMMT, BADL, IADL, CDS and LDL measurement tools.After being informed about the study, all individuals with dementia were given written informed consent form.

In the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 7th and 8th weeks, IPT implementation twice a week, as two themes, for 7 weeks, with each session of 45 minutes.

Individuals in the control group will be given two sessions in the 2nd week, and they will continue their daily lives in the following weeks.

CST consists of 14 sessions, each session with different themes. The materials used in therapy will differ according to the characteristics of each theme. For example; In the theme of physical games, one of the individuals will be selected by voting, and each individual will be asked to choose a song suitable for the theme and introduce himself/herself to the music accompaniment. Then, a small table game will be prepared with the rackets and ball used for table tennis, and individuals will be able to play a round of table tennis with the researcher and their groupmates. Sessions 10 min. introductory part, 25 min. activity section and 10 min. 45 minutes in total, including the ending. in progress.

The change of the effect of cognitive stimulation therapy on activities of daily living in individuals in nursing homes with dementia is being assessed.

Barthel index scores range from 0 to 100, 0-20 points; completely addicted, 21 - 61 points; severe addiction, 62 - 90 points; moderate addiction, 91 - 99 points; mild addiction, 100 points; explains independence. In studies using the Barthel Index, a score of 60 was taken as the limit, and scores above 60 explain the ability to function independently. Lawton and Brody Instrumental Daıly Lıfe Actıvıtıes Scale, the scale consists of 8 items and a single sub-dimension. The total score obtained from the scale varies between 0-8. A low score indicates a high level of addiction.

The change of the effect of cognitive stimulation therapy on depression in individuals in nursing homes with dementia is being assessed.

Cornell Dementia for Dementia In this scale, mood-related findings, behavioral changes, physical findings, cyclical functions and intellectual changes are evaluated with 19 items collected in 5 subgroups. Each item is scored between 0-2. A total score of eight and above suggests significant depression.

The change of the effect of cognitive stimulation therapy on life satisfaction in individuals in nursing homes with dementia is being assessed.

In the Satisfaction with Life Scale, a seven-point Likert type scale is graded between "strongly disagree" (1) and "strongly agree" (7). A high score on the scale indicates high life satisfaction.

Inclusion Criteria: Having been diagnosed with dementia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM V) by a physician Agree to participate in the study Being literate and speaking Turkish fluently Have communication and understanding skills Standardized Mini Mental Test result being between 18-23 points Having adequate vision and hearing functions for group participation Exclusion Criteria: Presence of any sensory impairment Having a physical health problem that may impair group cohesion and integrity

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