Efficacy Biomarkers of DAOIB for Dementia

This open-label clinical trial will enroll patients with aMCI or mild AD, and they will be treated with DAOIB for 24 weeks. We will assess the patients before entering the study, 8 weeks, 16 weeks, and end point (24 weeks) of the study, and measure blood NMDA and oxidative stress - related biomarkers every 8 weeks. We hypothesize that NMDA and oxidative stress - related biomarkers can predict the efficacy of DAOIB for patients with aMCI or mild AD.

Change from baseline in the Alzheimer's disease assessment scale - cognitive subscale at week 8, 16 and 24

The battery of additional cognitive tests include speed of processing (Category Fluency), working memory (Wechsler Memory Scale, Spatial Span), verbal/nonverbal learning and memory tests (Wechsler Memory Scale, Word Listing)

Change from baseline in Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change plus Caregiver Input score at week 8, 16 and 24

Change from baseline in Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change plus Caregiver Input score at week 8, 16 and 24

Change from baseline in Alzheimer's disease Cooperative Study scale for ADL in MCI (ADCS-MCI-ADL) score at week 8, 16 and 24

The assessment appears to be a suitable instrument for evaluating activities of daily living in early-phase dementia. Its scores range from 0 (worst) to 78 (best)

Inclusion Criteria: Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment MMSE between 10-26 CDR 1 or 0.5 Exclusion Criteria: Hachinski Ischemic Score > 4 Substance abuse/dependence Parkinson disease, epilepsy, dementia with psychotic features Major depressive disorder Major physical illnesses Severe visual or hearing impairment