Contributions to Hypertension With Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ARCH)

Inclusion Criteria: -age 40+ years; resting blood pressure <140/90 mmHg; fasted blood glucose <126 mg/dL; testosterone ≥400 ng/dL; sedentary to recreationally active; nonsmokers; healthy as determined by medical history, physical exam, blood and urine chemistries and resting and exercise ECG during a physician supervised graded exercise treadmill test OR recent diagnosis of non-metastatic prostate cancer with plans to undergo androgen deprivation therapy; PSA <4.00 ng/dL if in the non-cancer group; Gleason Score ≤7 if in the prostate cancer group; no use of medications that might influence cardiovascular function (e.g., antihypertensives, lipid-lowering medications); willing and able to be on GnRHagonist and AR inhibitor; not taking antioxidant vitamins, corticosteroids, or anti-inflammatory medications, or willing to stop use for four weeks prior to the start of the study; not using exogenous sex hormones for at least one year Exclusion Criteria: -acute liver disease; chronic kidney disease, serum creatinine >1.3 mg/dL, macroalbuminuria >300 mg/g of proteinuria pre-existing or active cardiac, renal or hepatic disease, epilepsy or other seizure disorder; diabetes, active or chronic infection, disease that affects the nervous system; Gleason Score ≥8; thyroid dysfunction, defined as ultrasensitive TSH <0.5 or >5.0 mU/L, volunteers with abnormal TSH values will be re-considered for participation after follow-up evaluation by the PCP with initiation or adjustment of thyroid hormone replacement; tobacco use within the previous 12 months