Neuromodulation and Neuroimaging in Older Children With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (CI-tDCS)

Experimental Cohort: Inclusion Criteria: age 10-15 years at enrollment enrolled after 6 weeks of mTBI injury exhibiting post-concussive symptoms (e.g., difficulty planning, sequencing, and executing a motor action) Sustained an mTBI or concussion within the past 12 months Parent and child proficient in English Healthy Controls Cohort: Inclusion Criteria: 10 to 15 years old no concussion history Parent and child proficient in English Experimental Cohort: Exclusion Criteria: loss of consciousness > 30 minutes post-traumatic amnesia > 24 hours intracranial findings on clinical imaging history of developmental delay history of learning disability or ADHD Sustained a lower limb or upper limb injury that has not healed History of Seizures Noticeable skin lesions/burns or any other severe skin problems at the site of the electrodes before the start of the stimulation. Parent/guardian report metal implants anywhere in the head/ncek/body on the MRI screening form (see attached). Parent/guardian report shrapnel/bullets in the body on the MRI screening form. Parent/guardian report any electronic implant such as a cardiac pacemaker, cochlear implant, ventricular shunt, cardiac defibrillator, aneurysm clips, pacing wires, any implant held in place with a magnet, heart valve, or deep brain stimulator on the MRI screening form. Parent/guardian report a craniotomy or any other surgery in the past 6 weeks on the MRI screening form. Parent/guardian report being claustrophobic on the MRI screening form. Parent/guardian report and provide orbit x-ray after the eye injury involving a metal that the subject is cleared as indicated on the MRI screening form. Pregnant females as reported by parent/guardian on the pre-consent screening form. Pubertal/post-pubertal female participants14 and above will be provided a separate post-consent screening form at each MRI visit to ensure the female reports accurately without fear. Healthy Controls Cohort: Exclusion Criteria: diagnosed with developmental delay sustained a lower limb or upper limb injury that has not healed history of Learning Disability and/or ADHD Parent/guardian report metal implants anywhere in the head/ncek/body on the MRI screening form (see attached). Parent/guardian report shrapnel/bullets in the body on the MRI screening form. Parent/guardian report any electronic implant such as a cardiac pacemaker, cochlear implant, ventricular shunt, cardiac defibrillator, aneurysm clips, pacing wires, any implant held in place with a magnet, heart valve, or deep brain stimulator on the MRI screening form. Parent/guardian report a craniotomy or any other surgery in the past 6 weeks on the MRI screening form. Parent/guardian report being claustrophobic on the MRI screening form. Parent/guardian report and provide orbit x-ray after the eye injury involving a metal that the subject is cleared as indicated on the MRI screening form. Pregnant females as reported by parent/guardian on the pre-consent screening form. Post-pubertal females 14 and above will be provided a separate post-consent screening form at each MRI visit to ensure the female reports accurately without fear.