Effects and Mechanisms of RAS Training on Upper-limb Movements in PD Patients
Acoustic Stimulation, Parkinson Disease, Electroencephalography
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Acoustic Stimulation focused on measuring Acoustic Stimulation, Parkinson Disease, Movement, Electroencephalography
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: (a) idiopathic PD diagnosed by a neurologist based on the Movement Disorders Society clinical diagnostic criteria; (b) the Hoehn and Yahr stage is 2 or 3, meaning that bilateral movement problems or combination with mild postural instability; (c) a score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is equal to or higher than 21 to ensure that they understand experimental instructions; (d) a score of Edinburgh Handedness Inventory is above 60 to ensure that they are right-handed; (e) types and doses of medications remain unchanged in the past month right before participation. Age- and sex-matched healthy controls who filled the criteria (c) and (d) will be recruited from communities. Exclusion Criteria: the presence of medical conditions or diseases that may affect hand movements, vision, or hearing based on self-report.
Sites / Locations
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Experimental
Active Comparator
Experimental
Active Comparator
PD-RAS
PD-noRAS
HC-RAS
HC-noRAS
training involving RAS
training without the aid of RAS
training involving RAS
training without the aid of RAS