Health Education Programme Through Physical Exercise for People With Severe Mental Disorders (HEPPE-PSMI)

Inclusion Criteria: MDD, BD and SZ were diagnosed according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - DSM-5 (APA, 2014). Participants with MDD and BD should meet the remission criteria (Tohen et al., 2009) of an acute affective episode, defined as Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) score ≤ 6 and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) score ≤ 8, and individuals with SZ had to be clinically stable, defined as Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score ≤ 36. The comorbid OB diagnosis was based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Ability to understand study procedures and willingness to give written consent was required for participation. For recruitment as HC Absence of physical illness Absence of pharmacological treatments Absence of family history of psychiatric disorders in first-degree relatives were required. Ability to understand study procedures and willingness to give written consent was required for participation. Exclusion Criteria: current hospitalization documented cognitive impairment not secondary to psychiatric disorder (intellectual disability or major neurocognitive disorder, i.e. dementia) disability or inability that prevented understanding of the protocol current substance use disorders (except for nicotine) pregnancy intake of steroids corticosteroids, antioxidants, antibiotics, and immunologic therapies fever over 38°C history of vaccination within 4 weeks of the evaluation medical contraindications for exercise body mass index ≥ 40 diastolic/systolic blood pressure ≥ 140/90 resting heart rate ≥ 100.