Determining the Effect of Breathing Exercise Applied to Children Aged 6-12 Before Enema on Anxiety, Fear and Pain

Determining the Effect of Breathing Exercise Applied to Children Aged 6-12 Before Enema on Anxiety, Fear and Pain

Determination of the Effect of Breathing Exercise Technique Applied to Children Aged 6-12 Before Enema on Anxiety, Fear and Pain

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of breathing exercise applied before the enema procedure, which causes fear, pain and anxiety in children aged 6-12 years who applied to the pediatric emergency service, on fear, pain and anxiety in children. This research is in pretest-posttest, parallel group, randomized controlled experimental design. The universe of the research consists of children aged 6-12 years who applied to the pediatric emergency department of Iğdır State Hospital (Turkey) between May 2022 and June 2022.

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of breathing exercise applied before the enema procedure, which causes fear, pain and anxiety in children aged 6-12 years who applied to the pediatric emergency service, on fear, pain and anxiety in children. This research is in pretest-posttest, parallel group, randomized controlled experimental design. The universe of the research consists of children aged 6-12 years who applied to the pediatric emergency department of Iğdır State Hospital (Turkey) between May 2022 and June 2022. In the study, the pre-test scores of the pain, fear and anxiety levels of the children were compared and it was found that the pain, fear and anxiety levels of the intervention and control groups were moderate, and there was no difference between the groups. This result is important in terms of evaluating the effectiveness of the initiative. In the study, a significant difference was found between the pain, fear and anxiety levels of the intervention and control groups after breathing exercise. Accordingly, the pain, fear and anxiety levels of the intervention group were significantly lower than the control group.

The research groups consisted of 106 (per group: 53) children who met the sample selection criteria. Children were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Assignment of children to groups was done by an independent statistician to ensure confidentiality and avoid bias. In this study, stratified randomization method was used to assign children to groups. In randomized controlled experimental studies, the number of cases in each group is required to be balanced and similar in terms of prognostic factors (such as age and gender). With the stratified randomization method, differences and undesirable situations between study groups are tried to be minimized. The permutation method is used to achieve this balance (Kahan ve ark., 2015). In this study, children were stratified according to age (6-9 and 10-12) and gender (female, male) variables.

Blinding of the participants and the nursing researcher who delivered the intervention was not possible due to the nature of the intervention. Veri toplama sürecinde yanlılığı önlemek için; lavman işleminden önce ve sonra klinkte çalışan bağımsız bir gözlemci hemşire tarafından ölçekler uygulandı. Before data collection, randomization was performed by the statistician by coding the intervention and control groups as "A" and "B". Analysis of the data was performed by a statistician to avoid bias in the evaluation of the data. After analyzing and interpreting the data during the statistical process, the codes of the intervention and control groups of the study were revealed. The statistician was blinded during the analysis of study data.

Before the enema is applied, breathing exercises will be applied to the participants in the intervention group.

Before the enema application, the participants in the experimental group will be given breathing exercises. Thus, it is aimed to prevent the child from experiencing anxiety that may result from enema application. With this application, the effect of breathing exercise on anxiety will be monitored.

Before the enema application, the participants in the experimental group will be given breathing exercises. Thus, it is aimed to prevent the child from experiencing fear that may arise from enema application. With this application, the effect of breathing exercise on fear will be monitored.

Before the enema application, the participants in the experimental group will be given breathing exercises. Thus, it is aimed to prevent the child from experiencing pain that may result from enema application. With this application, the effect of breathing exercise on pain will be monitored.

Inclusion Criteria: Being between 6-12 years of age Administering an enema because of constipation or distension There should be no obstacle to the enema procedure Child and parent agree to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: Having a mental disability Having any problems with hearing, vision, hearing Taking analgesics within the last 6 hours Having an additional illness that may cause pain Removal criteria were as follows: Developing complications during the enema procedure (intestinal perforation, bleeding, etc.)

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