Exercise to Improve Sleep in Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson Disease
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Parkinson Disease focused on measuring Parkinson's disease, Rehabilitation, Sleep, Exercise, Cardiovascular training, Resistance training, Multimodal training, Motor function, Cognition, Quality of life
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Persons with mild-moderate idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (Modified Hoehn & Yahr Scale stages 0.5-3.5); On a stable dosage of medication during the previous month; Having poor sleep quality defined as a score > 15 in the PDSS-2; Exclusion Criteria: Having atypical parkinsonism, dementia, stroke, or any other neurological condition; Presenting severe untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); Having a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score <18 Having a Beck Depression Inventory score >31; Having absolute contraindications to exercise; Having severe osteoporosis; Participating in an exercise or drug trial during the period of the study; Exceeding the physical activity levels recommended for the general population (≥150 minutes/week of moderate-intensity or ≥75 minutes/week of vigorous-intensity cardiovascular activity) and/or strengthening activities ≥2 days/week.
Sites / Locations
- Jewish Rehabilitation HospitalRecruiting
- Human Brain Control of Locomotion LaboratoryRecruiting
- Cummings Centre
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
No Intervention
Cardiovascular training (CT)
Resistance training (RT)
Multimodal training (MT)
Control condition (CON; waiting list)
Cardiovascular training (CT) will be performed on a recumbent stepper. CT will start at low intensity, and, through a linear progression, will reach vigorous intensity; then, this intensity will be maintained until the end of the training period. Each session will include five minutes of warm-up and cool-down performed at the beginning and at the end of the training, respectively. Furthermore, five minutes of stretching will be performed after the cool-down. CT's sessions will last approximately 45 minutes (30 to 50 minutes) and will be interspersed with 48 hours of recovery.
Resistance training (RT) intensity will be estimated using the percentage of one-maximal repetition (1-RM) defined as the maximal weight liftable for ten maximal repetitions with proper form. The program will include five exercises (leg press, lat machine, leg extension, leg curl, bench press) and will start at high-volume low intensity. RT will follow a periodization to reach high-intensity low-volume at the end of the intervention (week 12). The training sessions will start and end with five-minute of warm-up and cool-down, which will include exercise on a recumbent stepper and stretching, respectively. RT's sessions will last approximately 45 minutes (40 to 50 minutes) and will be interspersed with 48 hours of recovery.
Multimodal training (MT) will combine cardiovascular and resistance training interventions using the modalities described previously, but each component will be shortened to match the overall training duration (i.e., volume) among groups. The first part of each training session will always include three resistance exercises, which will be followed by 15-20 minutes of cardiovascular training performed on the total body recumbent stepper. Periodization will follow the same progression previously described for cardiovascular and resistance training, respectively, reaching vigorous intensity towards the end of the training period. Training sessions will include a five-minute warm-up and cool-down on the total body recumbent stepper. MT's sessions will approximately last 45 minutes (40 to 50 minutes) and will be interspersed with 48 hours of recovery.
The control condition (CON; waiting list) will receive no intervention (i.e., exercise) but usual care. Participants in the CON will be required to go about their normal life, maintaining their current physical activity levels until the end of the study. Then, they will be offered to join one of the training programs/condition.