Back to resultsIncreasing Availability of Lower Energy Meals vs. Menu Energy Labelling on Food Choice
Primary Purpose
Nutrition Poor, Obesity, Diet, Healthy
Status
Completed
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
United Kingdom
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Menu configuration (presence of energy labelling)
Menu configuration (more lower energy options added)
Sponsored by
About this trial
This is an interventional prevention trial for Nutrition Poor
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Participants were eligible to participate if they were US residents, aged of 18 or above, fluent in English, had access to a computer with an internet connection and had no dietary restrictions
Exclusion Criteria:
- See above.
Stratification Criteria:
- We aimed to recruit a sample stratified by gender (approx. 50/50) and highest educational qualification (approx. 40% high school or less, 60% above high school) to be broadly representative of US adults.
Sites / Locations
- University of Liverpool
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Arm Type
Experimental
No Intervention
Experimental
No Intervention
Arm Label
Energy labelling
No energy labelling
Increased availability of lower energy meals
Baseline availability of lower energy meals
Arm Description
Energy labelling provided on restaurant menus
No energy labelling provided on restaurant menus
Higher proportion of meals are 600kcals or less
Proportion of meals that are 600kcals or less at baseline level
Outcomes
Primary Outcome Measures
Energy ordered from main menu
Total kcal content of main menu order
Secondary Outcome Measures
Total energy ordered
Total kcal content of all food ordered (including sides, desserts)
Full Information
1. Study Identification
Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT04336540
Brief Title
Increasing Availability of Lower Energy Meals vs. Menu Energy Labelling on Food Choice
Official Title
Socioeconomic Position and the Impact of Increasing Availability of Lower Energy Meals vs. Menu Energy Labelling on Food Choice in Virtual Full-service Restaurants: Two Randomized Control Trials
Study Type
Interventional
2. Study Status
Record Verification Date
April 2020
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
August 1, 2019 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
November 30, 2019 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
November 30, 2019 (Actual)
3. Sponsor/Collaborators
Responsible Party, by Official Title
Principal Investigator
Name of the Sponsor
University of Liverpool
4. Oversight
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
No
5. Study Description
Brief Summary
Two randomized control trials examining human food choice (i.e. selection of high energy 'unhealthy' foods vs. selection of healthier foods). Interventions: In a between-subjects design, participants (recruitment stratified by socioeconomic position) made food choices (main dish, plus optional sides and desserts) in the absence vs. presence of menu energy labelling and from menus with baseline (10%) vs. increased availability (50%) of lower energy main dishes. Main outcome measures: Average energy content (kcal) of main dish chosen and average total energy content of all food ordered, including optional sides and desserts.
Detailed Description
See attached protocol documents.
6. Conditions and Keywords
Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Nutrition Poor, Obesity, Diet, Healthy, Food Selection
7. Study Design
Primary Purpose
Prevention
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
2091 (Actual)
8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions
Arm Title
Energy labelling
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Energy labelling provided on restaurant menus
Arm Title
No energy labelling
Arm Type
No Intervention
Arm Description
No energy labelling provided on restaurant menus
Arm Title
Increased availability of lower energy meals
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Higher proportion of meals are 600kcals or less
Arm Title
Baseline availability of lower energy meals
Arm Type
No Intervention
Arm Description
Proportion of meals that are 600kcals or less at baseline level
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Menu configuration (presence of energy labelling)
Intervention Description
Restaurant menus are altered to accommodate energy labelling intervention
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Menu configuration (more lower energy options added)
Intervention Description
Restaurant menus are altered to include more lower energy options
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Energy ordered from main menu
Description
Total kcal content of main menu order
Time Frame
15-20 minutes (the time frame denotes time taken to make the menu order and there is no follow up
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Total energy ordered
Description
Total kcal content of all food ordered (including sides, desserts)
Time Frame
15-20 minutes (the time frame denotes time taken to make the menu order and there is no follow up
10. Eligibility
Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
Participants were eligible to participate if they were US residents, aged of 18 or above, fluent in English, had access to a computer with an internet connection and had no dietary restrictions
Exclusion Criteria:
See above.
Stratification Criteria:
- We aimed to recruit a sample stratified by gender (approx. 50/50) and highest educational qualification (approx. 40% high school or less, 60% above high school) to be broadly representative of US adults.
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Eric Robinson, PhD
Organizational Affiliation
University of Liverpool
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
University of Liverpool
City
Liverpool
State/Province
Merseyside
ZIP/Postal Code
L69 7ZA
Country
United Kingdom
12. IPD Sharing Statement
Plan to Share IPD
Yes
IPD Sharing Plan Description
Shared on the Open Science Framework
IPD Sharing Time Frame
On publication, indefinitely
IPD Sharing Access Criteria
Open website
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
34034699
Citation
Marty L, Reed SM, Jones AJ, Robinson E. Increasing availability of lower energy meals vs. energy labelling in virtual full-service restaurants: two randomized controlled trials in participants of higher and lower socioeconomic position. BMC Public Health. 2021 May 25;21(1):975. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11007-0.
Results Reference
derived
Learn more about this trial
Increasing Availability of Lower Energy Meals vs. Menu Energy Labelling on Food Choice
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