Milk and Milk-produce to Counteract the Loss of Muscle Mass and Function in Exercising Older Adults. (PRO)

This project evaluates the use of different types of proteins from various food sources after an exercise session, on muscle mass and physical capacity in aged sarcopenic men (who have low muscle mass). Specifically, researchers want to: Examine the efficiency of protein intake after exercise on muscle mass and physical abilities; Examine the impact of exercise and proteins on blood lipids (LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglycerides); Examine the impact of exercise and proteins on liver enzymes; Examine the impact of exercise and proteins on a hormone that controls hunger; Evaluate the program's impact on the ability of the body to produce energy. All participants are exercising (resistance training) and ingest one of the 3 different sources of proteins, immediately after training: Milk proteins (from milk beverage) Essential amino acids (added to a soya beverage) No protein (rice beverage - control group) Our hypothesis is that proteins from milk will induce a gain in muscle mass and physical function equivalent to the essential amino acids (EAA). We anticipate that both milk proteins and EAA will be both superior to control group. This would represent an interesting finding since milk is more accessible, palatable and cheaper than essential amino acids commercial mix.

Sarcopenia, Physical capacity, Muscle force, Muscle quality, Milk proteins, Essential amino acids, Proteins, Resistance training, Exercise

This group will do a resistance training + ingestion of the control beverage (no protein, rice beverage)

All group will exercise 3x/week. Each session of resistance training will last 60min. and will target main muscular groups.

Blood marker on renal function will be assessed to ensure the safety of the supplementation of protein intake on renal function in sarcopenic men.

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP).

3-day food record - Control variable (in order to verify if changes we observe through the intervention are accountable or not for dietary intakes)

Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) - Control variable (in order to verify if changes we observe through the intervention are accountable or not for daily physical activity level)

Inclusion Criteria: 65-75 years francophone or understanding French muscle mass index < 10.75 kg/m2 (Janssen et al, 2004) body mass index <30kg/m² weight stable (< 2 kg) for 6 mo no resistance exercise for 3 years controlled blood pressure for at least 6 months Exclusion Criteria: major physical disability medical treatment influencing metabolism statin treatment diagnosis or any sign of kidney disease