PPIs and Gastroesophageal Varices in Liver Cirrhosis (PPIs: Proton Pump Inhibitors) (PPIs)

A Randomized Controlled Study on the Effects of PPIs on Gastroesophageal Variceal Bleeding in Liver Cirrhosis (PPIs: Proton Pump Inhibitors)

This study is aimed at investigating the effect of PPIs on gastroesophageal varices in liver cirrhosis. Half of participants will receive PPI, while the other half will receive a placebo.

PPIs can inhibit parietal cell H+/K+-ATPase and reduce secretion of gastric acid. PPIs can promote platelet aggregation and stabilize the formation of fibrin thrombosis by maintaining the high pH environment in the stomach and inactivating pepsin. The effect of PPIs on ulcerative upper gastrointestinal bleeding was confirmed but it is not clear whether PPIs is applicable in esophagogastric variceal bleeding whose etiology and bleeding position are different from ulcerative upper gastrointestinal bleeding. There is lack of consensus and sufficient evidences to support to use PPIs in esophagogastric variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients universally. Nevertheless, the use of PPIs in liver cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices is common.

The primary endpoint was variceal bleeding, which was defined as hematemesis or melena from endoscopically proven GEVs, in the absence of any other lesion that might explain the bleeding.

Inclusion Criteria: Clinical diagnosis of cirrhosis GEVs was diagnosed by endoscopy Exclusion Criteria: Acute gastrointestinal bleeding need emergency surgery Acid-related disease, such as peptic ulcer disease or gastroesophageal reflux diseases (GERD) Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or other malignant tumor History of esophagus, stomach or liver surgery Child-Pugh C and can't be improved to Child-Pugh A or B Preparing to be pregnant, pregnant or breast feeding Allergic to PPIs(proton pump inhibitors) or intolerable Cannot provide informed consent