The Effect of Omega-3 on Selected Cytokines Involved in Cytokine Storm

The Effect of Omega-3 Supplements on the Serum Levels of Selected Cytokines Involved in Cytokine Storm of Covid-19; A Randomized Clinical Trial in the Covid-19 Uninfected Jordanian People

The trial was designed to assess the effect of daily dose of 300 mg omega-3 supplements for 2 months on the selected interleukins levels in uninfected people with Covid-19.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids (Omega-3) are long poly unsaturated fatty acids that can be found in plants and fish, its refer to a group composed of three type of fatty acids called: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Alpha-linoleic acid (ALA), and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) . The health promoting effect of n-3FA may be due to immune modulating and anti-inflammatory actions . The anti-inflammatory properties of n-3FA are used for treatment of the inflammatory diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, eczema, and psoriasis . Many studies reported a significant reduction in the risk of cancers in breast, prostate, ovaries with supplementation of n-3FA (Larsson et al. 2004) .However, high-doses omega-3 supplements such as 1000 mg/day are widely spread in community pharmacies in Jordan . Currently , community pharmacy around the world are facing the challenge of increased demand for care of uninfected people with Covid -19. Accordingly , the current randomized clinical trial was designed to evaluate the effect of daily 300 mg of omega 3-FA supplements on the immune health status of uninfected people with Covid-19 as a part of as a part of preventive health care . Therefore , this RCT aims to assess whether regular daily dose of regular daily dose of omega 3-FA (300 mg) for 2 months supplementation against COVID-19 infection as a part of preventive treatment protocol in uninfected Jordanian peoples. The investigators hypothesize that the regular dose of omega 3-FA (300 mg) /day for 2 months will significantly change immune responses compared with the control group.

Dietary Supplement: 1,000 mg of wild salmon and fish oil complex once daily, which contains 300 mg of omega3-FA for 2 months.

The participant will receive 1,000 mg of wild salmon and fish oil complex once daily, which contains 300 mg of omega3-FA. Baseline and follow-up serum levels of IL-1,IL-6, and TNF will be measured.

Inclusion Criteria: Inclusion criteria included males and females in the age range of 30-66 years without a medical diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. Exclusion Criteria: Exclusion criteria included males or females diagnosed with any chronic immune problems, including autoimmune diseases, chronic or severe infections. Pregnant, breastfeeding, and females using hormonal contraceptives were also excluded.