The Effects of Relaxation Techniques on Pain, Fatigue and Kinesiophobia in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Three Arms Randomized Trial
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting, Pain, Chronic, Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic
About this trial
This is an interventional supportive care trial for Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting focused on measuring multiple sclerosis, pain, fatigue, kinesiophobia, relaxation techniques, muscle relaxation
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- over the age of 18
- having relapsing-remitting MS type and not had an attack during the study
- not receiving any other complementary and integrative therapy during the research,
- with an Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 5.5 and below,
- volunteer to participate in study
Exclusion Criteria:
- having physical or mental health problems that can interfere with communication
- having heart failure, COPD, asthma disease, renal failure, musculoskeletal problem such as fracture, plaster cast, amputation, fibromyalgia, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, deep anemia (hmg <8 mg / dl) or oncological diagnoses
- not having undergone any surgical operation in the last 3 months
Sites / Locations
- Hacettepe University
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Experimental
Experimental
No Intervention
PMR
BRT
CG
The PMR intervention involving tensing and relaxing the body muscles accompanied with deep breathing. The researchers told each participant to sit in a soundless and breathable room and in a comfortable position before each session at their home. The participants performed tensing and relaxing for each body part in order, starting with the facial muscles and head, followed by neck, shoulders, chest, abdomen, legs, and feet; all muscle tension and relaxation procedures were performed with deep breathing. The participants were instructed to tense a specified group of muscles for 5 s and relax it for 10 s while breathing out. Moreover, throughout this exercise, the participants imagined a wave of relaxation flowing over their body.
Within the scope of this technique, first of all, the participants were asked to focus on a word that relieves them such as love, health or well-being. And so, the participants were asked to be in comfortable position in a silent and breathable room with the closed eyes, relax their muscles from the sole of their feet and progressing up to their face gradually, keep them relaxed, accompanied with deep breathing, be aware of their breathing, exhale gently. They continue these practices for 20 minutes and try to relax their muscles. After finishing the duration, they sit quietly for several minutes with eyes closed and later with eye opened.
Regarding CG, the participants were invited to the same room and received only a single time attention-matched education on "Living with MS"; including definition of MS, dietary advices for MS patients. The attention-matched education was performed face to face and lasted for 10 min. All participants in the three study groups also received usual treatment and care.