Weight Loss Diet in Obesity With Metabolic Syndrome
Obesity, Diet Modification
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Obesity
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for the metabolic syndrome as defined by the Third Report of the Adult Treatment Panel (ATPIII).
Exclusion Criteria:
- diabetes
- the presence of current or recent pregnancy or intention to conceive within the trial's period
- chronic renal or liver disease
- past bariatric surgery
- current participation in any dietary/ medical program with current continuous weight loss.
Sites / Locations
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Experimental
Diet
Nutritional recommendation consisted of moderate caloric restriction, set at 25% to 30% less than calories needed for resting metabolic rate. We applied a high protein Mediterranean diet with the following food group distribution: 30% as protein (> 0.8 g/kg/d); 40% as carbohydrates with medium/low glycemic index; 30% as fat (≥10%monounsaturated fatty acid, ≤7% saturated fatty acid, no trans fats, and 1.6 g omega-3 for men and 1.1 g omega-3 for women). Diet was rich in olive oil, fish, chicken, nuts, white milk products, fruits, and vegetables but low in artificial sugars, commercial sweets, pastries, butter, margarine, and red meat. Dietary fiber content ≥25 g/day