Active clinical trials for "Abortion, Spontaneous"

The present study is divided into two groups ,one is the patients with subclinical hypothyroidism who has TPO antibody positive women with TSH concentrations > 2.5 mU/L and below the upper limit of the pregnancy specific reference range ,another is TPO antibody negative with TSH concentrations greater than the pregnancy specific reference range and below 10.0 mU/L.The two groups are randomized into either the LT4 treatment group or control group by the use of a computer-generated list. The aim of our study is to determine whether the use of levothyroxine is beneficial in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism in two groups。

Some women experience the pain of miscarriage on numerous occasions. Studies show that these women experience feelings of anxiety and distress during the early stages of a new pregnancy as they worry another miscarriage will occur. This study will investigate whether a coping strategy, developed for a similar group of women, would be acceptable and useful to women suffering recurrent miscarriage, and reduce the anxiety and worry they experience. A secondary aim of the study is to develop a deeper understanding of the experiences and feelings of women in the early stages of a new pregnancy, following multiple miscarriages.

The development and improvement in Preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (PGS) in association with the efficacy and security of vitrification and trophectoderm biopsy, more efficient stimulation schemes and laboratory improvements in culture and embryo selection have contributed to high success of the assisted reproductive technologies(ART). Transferring an euploid embryo avoids one of the main reasons of miscarriage and implantation failure ( Rubio et al, 22016) and overcomes one of the most important confounding factors. Usually, the transfer of euploid embryos is performed under standard hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and are referred to as FET-PGS cycles( Frozen embryo transfer). The study of FET-PGS cycles with the transfer of a single euploid blastocyst is the best model for evaluation of the impact of the endometrial preparation . Among factors influencing FET outcomes, patient's age, endometrial preparation, endometrium thickness, endometrial pattern, number and quality of embryos transferred , difficulty at ET, recently P4 have received more attention . The importance of Progesterone (P4) in embryo implantation has been widely studied. P4 plays an important role in endometrial gland formation, embryonic implantation and pregnancy maintenance, both in natural and artificial cycles.

The aim of this study is determine vascular endothelial growth factor levels and angiogenesis/vascularity from hysteroscopic endometrial biopsies which taken from patients who has Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.The endometrial vascular endothelial growth factor levels will be measured by immunohistochemical staining methods due to office hysteroscopic endometrial biopsy after the menstruation at follicular phase of menstrual cycle.

Breastfeeding provides various health and psychological benefits to mothers and their babies. It also acts as an effective method of natural contraception when applied strictly for up to six months after birth. Studies show that breastfeeding times are getting longer in the USA and more babies are breastfed for more than 12 months compared to the past. Recent research shows that 57% of US infants are breastfed until at least six months of age, and more than a third continue to be breastfed for up to 12 months. Prolonged breastfeeding durations increase the prevalence of breastfeeding during pregnancy, especially with the shortening of the intervals between pregnancies. Breastfeeding during pregnancy is a relatively common practice in many parts of the world. According to the data of studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries, it has been determined that 35% of the last born babies continue to be breastfed in the next pregnancy of their mothers. It has also been shown that the prevalence of breastfeeding during pregnancy in low-income countries is between 15% and 50%. Few research has been done on the relationship between breastfeeding during pregnancy and maternal, infant, or pregnancy outcomes. Some studies have suggested that hormonal mechanisms in pregnancy may link breastfeeding during pregnancy and abortion. When babies stimulate the nipple and areola during sucking, they trigger the release of oxytocin in the mother, causing a series of reactions that push the milk towards the nipple. We know that the prevalence of short and long breastfeeding intervals in pregnancy is high in our country. Therefore, in this study, we are planning to investigate whether there is a relationship between breastfeeding during pregnancy and miscarriage based on this information.

Lower Apelin levels are associated with hypertensive disorders with pregnancy, yet no studies investigated its levels in recurrent pregnancy loss

The present study is based on the hypothesis, that recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is associated with abnormal plasma mannose binding lectin (p-MBL) level. Secondarily, p-MBL level may affect the reproductive and the perinatal outcome in the first pregnancy following RPL. Thus, the present study aim to examine whether MBL should be a biomarker for women at risk for RPL and, secondarily, affect the reproductive and perinatal outcome, and thereby help clinicians identify fragile women who need intensified perinatal care.

The objective of this study is to study the association between insulin resistance and recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (RSM).

Background Miscarriage is the most frequent complication of pregnancy and represents the spontaneous loss of the embryo or foetus before it is able to survive independently (24 weeks of gestation). It affects up to 50% of pregnancies with the vast majority (80%) occurring at pre-clinical stage before the woman recognises the pregnancy. Up to 5% of couples suffer recurrent miscarriage defined as 2-3 or more miscarriages leading to physical, emotional and financial consequences for couples, doctors and medical systems. Different maternal health problems (thyroid disease, sticky blood, autoimmune disease, anatomical anomalies of the womb) and embryo defects may be responsible for some of the miscarriages; however, more than 50% of the occurrences have no identifiable cause based on the current diagnostic tests. Aim The aim of the present research proposal is to understand the role of the lining of the womb in miscarriage and to explore the development of a potential implantation test that is cost-effective and may be implemented in clinical practice. Methods Over a period of two years, women who suffered recurrent miscarriage will be approached in the advanced miscarriage clinic at Birmingham Women's Hospital during their routine appointment. Participants will be invited to participate by undergoing chromohysteroscopy and/or a biopsy from the lining of the womb during an outpatient appointment. Chromohysteroscopy is based on a routine hysteroscopy which involves visualising the inside of the womb using a narrow telescope passed through the neck of the womb (cervix). "Chromo" comes from the fact that an iodine based dye will be injected to increase the power of the test. The biopsy will be taken using a narrow plastic tube passed through the cervix. It is a standard diagnostic test for women with abnormal bleeding. As part of the present research, different cells and molecules will be analysed from the biopsy sample.

Preterm birth (PTB) is the primary cause of infant death worldwide. It has been shown that a vaginal microbiota deplete in Lactobacillus species is a risk factor for preterm labour. Conversely a vaginal microbiota dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus appears to be protective for these adverse outcomes. A wide range of 'over the counter' Lactobacillus spp. containing products targeted at 'vaginal health' and formulated for vaginal administration are available, but most of them do not contain vaginal species of Lactobacillus. The primary aim of this study is to determine whether vaginal supplementation with L. crispatus CTV-05 is associated with colonisation.