Active clinical trials for "Acute Kidney Injury"

The impact of early de-resuscitation with furosemide on patients with sepsis-related acute kidney injury using pNGAL as the parameter of acute kidney injury.

Circulatory shock occurs when the supply of oxygen in the tissues decreases, which leads to cell damage and affects about one third of patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICU). Cardiac Output (CO) can be defined as the volume of blood ejected by the left ventricle per minute and is a very useful hemodynamic parameter in the monitoring of patients with signs of circulatory shock, since it can help define the etiology and management of such patients. Nevertheless, this parameter is underused in patients treated in Emergency Units, as its measurement usually involves invasive methods and few are available in this scenario. The pulmonary artery catheter is considered the gold standard method for determining the cardiac output, however, since it is an invasive method, in recent decades other devices capable of providing this hemodynamic variable in a less invasive way have been developed. Any method capable of providing CO without the need for pulmonary artery catheter insertion is called minimally invasive CO monitoring. The potential advantages of using these methods include the simplicity of measurements, faster acquisition of hemodynamic parameters and the possibility of implementing a monitoring strategy in places such as emergencies and emergency rooms. The evaluation of these parameters allows a faster determination of the etiology of circulatory shock, which enables the early initiation of goal-guided therapy. It is known that the use of goal-guided therapy proved to be effective in reducing peri- and postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients with high surgical risk; this strategy is also associated with reduced mortality, length of stay in the ICU and on mechanical ventilation in patients admitted to the ICU who are fluid responsive. To date, there is no data regarding the impact of a hemodynamic optimization strategy on patients in the first hours of shock. The investigators aim to assess whether goal-based hemodynamic therapy, through non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring, reduces the incidence of acute renal failure in patients with circulatory shock. A multicenter, randomized, open-label study will be carried out. The study will include patients over 18 years of age with signs of shock (systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg and/or mean arterial pressure less than 70 mmHg plus at least one of the following changes: lactate greater than 15 mg/dL, oliguria, neurological changes, and capillary refill time greater than 3 seconds) and who have signed an informed consent form (ICF). Included patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio into two groups. The Goal-Directed Therapy Group will be the one in which patients will be monitored by the ClearSight™ System (Edwards Life Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA) in the first 24 hours after randomization, where the parameters cardiac index (CI), systolic volume (SV), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) will be used to determine medical management; if the CI is less than 2.2 L/min/m² and the SV less than 35 mL/beat, an aliquot of 500 mL of crystalloid solution will be administered; if the patient presents with CI less than 2.2 L/min/m², associated with SV greater than 35 mL/beat, dobutamine will be initiated; in patients with SBP less than 90 mmHg and/or MAP less than 70 mmHg, associated with SV greater than or equal to 35 mL/beat, norepinephrine will be initiated. In the Conventional Therapy group, the allocated patients will be treated according to the assistant team, where the following parameters will be evaluated: blood pressure, peripheral oximetry, heart rate, respiratory rate, and urine output; patients showing signs of hypovolemia will receive crystalloid solution; those who remain with hypotension refractory to volume replacement will be given vasoactive drugs; those with suggestive of cardiogenic shock will be given inotropic drugs; these procedures will be determined according to the clinical judgment of the assistant team.

Effects of Empagliflozin compared with placebo in post severe acute kidney injury survivors, evaluated by MAKE365.

The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of peri-operative administration of Aminophylline versus Saline placebo in the preservation of renal function and the attenuation of renal injury in pediatric patients undergoing open heart surgery.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), directed against myeloperoxidase (MPO) and against proteinase 3 (PR3), have a pathogenic role during ANCA (AAV) vasculitis. Glomerular basement membrane (MBG) antibodies also have a direct pathogenic role in Goodpasture's syndrome and anti-MBG antibody glomerulonephritis (GN). In some patients, the severity of renal and / or pulmonary involvement justifies the rapid purification of these autoantibodies by an apheresis procedure, while waiting for the effect of immunosuppressive treatments aimed at reducing their production. During vasculitis, plasma exchange (PE) is recommended in patients with severe renal impairment or intra-alveolar hemorrhage (2012 KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Glomerulonephritis). Given certain disadvantages related to plasma exchanges (low volume of purified plasma, non-selective technique for immunoglobulins (Ig), need for replacement solute, induction of coagulation disorders), immunoadsorption (IA), already used in transplantation, has been developed in these indications. IA has indeed greater selectivity for Ig with a probable better purification capacity due to higher volumes of plasma treated per session. The price of IA is however higher than that of EP. These two apheresis techniques, EP and IA, are commonly used in France during severe forms of vasculitis ANCA or anti-MBG, without the superiority of one or the other has been demonstrated. As a result of higher plasma volumes being purified, AI may allow faster purification of pathogenic antibodies. No studies to date have specifically compared the purification kinetics of these antibodies between EP and IA. The CINEVAS study (VAScularite Antibody Purification CINetic) is a multicentric pilot study whose main objective is to compare the purification kinetics of ANCA (anti-MPO or anti-PR3) and / or anti- MBG in patients treated with EP versus those treated with IA

Postoperative bleeding in cardiac surgery is a frequent complication, and cardiac surgery utilizes 15-20% of the national blood supply. Packed red blood cells (pRBCs) are associated with worse short and long term outcomes. For each unit transfused, there is an additive risk of mortality (death) and cardiac adverse events. Despite current guidelines and numerous approaches to bleeding reduction, >50% of the patients undergoing cardiac surgery receive transfusions. Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH), a blood conservation technique that removes whole blood from a patient immediately prior to surgery, could be a valuable method to reduce transfusion in complex cardiac surgery. At the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), ANH is routinely utilized in patients who refuse allogenic blood transfusions such as Jehovah's Witnesses. ANH has been shown to be safe with minimal risk to patients. ANH has been studied in simple cardiac surgery, such as coronary artery bypass grafting, however it has not been studied in complex cardiac surgery, such as aortic surgery and adult congenital heart disease. ANH has been demonstrated to reduce pRBC transfusion in lower risk cardiac surgery without any significant complications. Complex heart surgery utilizes more blood products. This study could identify the benefits of ANH in a higher risk surgical group.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the major complications after cardiac surgery that may affects 20% to 40% of patients according to the definitions. Also, AKI after cardiac surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality, with eight-fold increase in the odds ratio of death when renal replacement therapy (RRT) is required. However the indication and the optimal timing of RRT initiation are still controversial. We hypothesized that a strategy of early initiation of RRT would result in a lower risk of surgical mortality than a standard strategy in post cardiac surgery patients with AKI of Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classification stage 2 (serum creatinine, 2.0 times the baseline level; urine output, <0.5mL/kg/h for 6 or more hours).

Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Intensive care unit (ICU) mortality in patients with septic shock and acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) remains high and approximates 50-60%. Sepsis is the leading etiology for AKI and CRRT requirement in ICU patients. In septic shock, the dysregulated host response to infectious pathogens leads to a cytokine storm with uncontrolled production and release of humoral pro-inflammatory mediators. These pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines exert cellular toxicity and promote the development of organ dysfunction and increased mortality. In addition to treating AKI, CRRT techniques can be employed for adsorption of inflammatory mediators extracorporally using specially developed adsorption membranes, hemoperfusion sorbent cartridges or columns. Several methods and devices, such as Oxiris®-AN69 membrane, CytoSorb® cytokine hemoadsorption and polymyxin B (Toraymyxin) endotoxin adsorption and plasmapheresis have been evaluated in small study series but to date the data on outcome benefits remains controversial. HA380 (Jafron Biomedical Co , Ltd, Zhuhai, China) is a CE-labeled hemoadsorption cartridge developed to treat patients with septic shock. It contains hemo-compatible, porous polymeric beads that adsorp cytokines and mid-molecular weight toxins on their surface. The cytokines absorved using this cartridge are IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 in addition to TNF-α8. Therefore, this study aims to examine the potential effects of cytokine adsorption using HA380 in addition to hemodiafiltration with the Oxiris®-AN69 membrane on ICU- and 90-day mortality in patients with septic shock and AKI.

The role of Albumin in prevention and Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients with Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) who are at high risk of AKI development has been clearly defined , which decreases the morbidity and mortality. But the role of Albumin in patient with SBP who are at low risk of AKI development (Serum Bilirubin <4mg/dl, Creatinine <1mg/dl at the time of presentation) has been controversial and there are no placebo controlled trials. We propose that Albumin at the standard doses is beneficial in preventing development of AKI in patients with SBP who are at low risk of AKI development.

The proposed phase 2a trial will determine whether MIB-626 treatment in adults with COVID-19 infection and stage 1 acute kidney injury is more efficacious than placebo in preventing worsening of kidney function, as assessed by longitudinal changes in serum creatinine concentration, and in attenuating the inflammatory response to the infection.