Active clinical trials for "Sleep Apnea, Obstructive"

The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential improvement of sleep quality in children who have residual obstructive sleep apnea, using either an orthodontic intervention or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), versus no treatment.

The study design is cross-sectional using a self-completion questionnaire in an English speaking multi-ethic population within Leicester and Leicestershire. The study will adopt a convenient and purposive sampling recruitment strategy across a variety of settings within Leicestershire to facilitate recruitment of a wide range of participants.

OSA (Obstructive Sleep Apnea) represents a major risk of postoperative complications. Predictive scores have been developed as the STOP-Bang score and the DES-OSA score. These scores take into account morphological parameters such as weight, height, and neck circumference. These data can be contained from the patients (self-reported) or by the measurements performed by a physician. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of both measurements (self-reported by the patient or measured by the physicians).

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the reference treatment for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and is effective in improving symptoms of OSAS, reducing risk of accidents and improving quality of life. However, CPAP use is less than optimal. Recommended use is between 6-8 hour per night and a common clinical and empiric benchmark has been defined for CPAP use as an average of 4h per night for 70% of the night. Approximatively 30% of patients discontinue CPAP treatment during the first weeks. Thus, it is very important to identify the factors that influence CPAP adherence during the first weeks of treatment. Biomedical factors, in particular nose respiratory abnormalities, somnolence complaints and insomnia complaints, have been widely studied but explain only 4 to 25 % of the variance in CPAP use. Interestingly, "self-efficacy" (the confidence to engage in a treatment), was found to explain more than 30 % of the variance in CPAP use. The SEMSA (Self Efficacy in Sleep apnea) questionnaire is the instrument to investigate self-efficacy related to OSAS and CPAP that has received the most attention. Retrospective studies showed that the factor "self-efficacy" of the SEMSA was related to poor CPAP adherence. Prospective studies showed that the factor "self-efficacy" of the SEMSA at baseline was associated with future CPAP use when it was completed after education information. A French version of the SEMSA has been validated by investigators in a retrospective study. They have confirmed in France that the factor "self-efficacy" of the SEMSA was related to poor CPAP adherence. No prospective study using the SEMSA has been conducted in French patients with OSAS treated with CPAP. Given the specificity of the French health care system and home care system, it is thus important to evaluate the predictive value of self-efficacy on CPAP adherence in France. The generation of predictive model would enable pretreatment prediction of those likely to have difficulty with CPAP adherence, and would serve as the basis for the development of maximally effective interventions in order to enhance CPAP adherence by patients with OSAS.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) occurs when the blockage of the airway causes a person to stop breathing involuntarily for 10 seconds or more throughout the night during sleep. Pediatric OSA can be especially concerning and can have long-term effects. Researchers want to see how a monitoring device called near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) compares with the traditional techniques used in children s sleep studies. Objective: To learn about oxygen levels in the brain and limbs in children with and without sleep apnea using a wearable, point-of-care biosensor. Eligibility: Children aged 3-12 who have OSA and plan to receive treatment (OSA group) or who do not have OSA (NORM group). Design: Participants will be screened with a review of their medical records. If they have taken part in other NIH studies, that data will be reviewed as well. Participants in the NORM group will have 1 overnight study visit. Those in the OSA group will have 2 overnight study visits. Participants will do an overnight sleep study. They will have a physical exam and medical history. They will have a sleep study electroencephalography (EEG). For this, electrodes will be placed on their head. They will wear a gauze cap to keep the electrodes in place. Two NIRS probes made of a soft silicon will be placed on their forehead and arm. They will follow their normal bedtime routine. Their parent will stay overnight. The OSA group will have a second study visit 2 weeks to 12 months after they start treatment for their sleep apnea. They will repeat the sleep study.

Our research team has established a polysomnography (PSG) quantified population-based paediatric sleep cohort in 2003 for a childhood OSA prevalence study. Subjects were recruited from 13 randomly selected primary schools. All subjects from this original cohort will be invited to join this 18-year follow-up study to repeat the following data collection: questionnaires, anthropometric measurement, sleep study, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) measurement, echocardiography and neurocognitive assessment.

The ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil containing kinases) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH). ROCK activity can be used as a clinical biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular disorders. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increase cardiovascular disease and LVH. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the standard therapy for OSA. This study investigate the effect of CPAP on ROCK activity and left ventricle mass.

This trial studies how well Optiflow THRIVE works in delivering oxygen to patients during total intravenous anesthesia while undergoing radiology procedures. The Optiflow THRIVE is an oxygen administration device that delivers high-flow and humidified oxygen through the nose. The Optiflow THRIVE device may improve oxygen delivery and reduce breathing complications.

It has been shown to date that obesity is associated with increased mortality and that weight loss significantly improves cardiovascular risk factors. Among patients receiving bariatric surgery, 30-90% have moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. Given the strong associations between OSA and cardiometabolic comorbidities, this project is based on the hypothesis of a lower improvement of cardiovascular risk factors and a higher number of post-surgical complications in OSAS patients.

This is an R01 funded project that focuses on the utility of metabolomics as a biomarker for OSA. Aims 1 and 3 leverages banked samples previously collected from subjects with and without OSA at the University of Pennsylvania and University of Iceland. Aim 2 is a prospective study that will collect serum samples from OSA subjects at the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Iceland.