Active clinical trials for "Apnea"

Stroke is the third leading cause of death in industrialized countries and the first cause of handicap in adults. Several stroke risk factors were identified such as high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia or cardiac arrhythmias. Sleep respiratory disorders have been found to be frequent among patients with stroke. Among them obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome seems to be the most important due to its association with high blood pressure and atrial fibrillation. Stroke can be responsible of central apneas, therefore the differential diagnosis between central apneas and pure OSA after stroke is sometimes difficult. The misidentification of OSA can explain the poor tolerance of CPAP treatment by these patients. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the association between pre-stroke OSA syndrome OSA diagnosed on specific scales and confirmed by polygraphic studies and stroke occurrence.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been known as a risk factor for coronary artery disease, heart failure, cerebrovascular accident and atrial fibrillation. One study reported that patients with OSA have more atherosclerotic plaque burden in intravascular ultrasonography examination. Among patients who admitted with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 65.7% (69 of 105) patients were diagnosed with OSA. Other long-term follow-up study revealed that 45.4% of patients (594 of 1311) who performed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were diagnosed with OSA. Moreover, the OSA group was a significant independent predictor of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of OSA. But, PSG is expensive, time-consuming and difficult to perform immediately. Recently, a portable device named WATCH-PAT (Itamar Ltd, Israel) was developed for the diagnosis of OSA. Validation study demonstrated a high correlation between WATCH-PAT and PSG in apnea-hypopnea index, lowest oxygen saturation and sleep time. This result suggested WATCH-PAT can be performed as an alternative or supportive device of PSG. WATCH-PAT. The portable device also can be useful to detect OSA in bus drivers who can be the reason for public traffic accidents. Moreover, WATCH-PAT can be applied to assess postoperative improvement of OSA. Although OSA is known as one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, there is a lack of evidence to recommend of the evaluation of sleep disorder in patient with coronary artery disease. Awareness and compliance for OSA are very low in both patients and cardiologists. Active diagnosis and treatment are definitely needed. Therefore, the primary endpoint of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of OSA in AMI patients who treated PCI. The secondary endpoint is to evaluate the 1-year incidence rate of MACCEs according to the presence or absence of OSA.

The investigators seek to understand how the different underlying causes of OSA affect the way people living with HIV (PLWH) experience OSA. The investigators also want to understand how symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea improve with treatment, and if this too, is affected by the underlying cause of OSA in that individual

Apneic oxygenation is a process of delivering continuous oxygen during direct laryngoscopy. Nasal cannulas are used for the purpose of oxygenation; for delivering either low flow or high flow oxygen but haven't been tested in terms of a superior study design on improving patient outcomes. In this study the investigators propose to assess the effect of giving low flow oxygen with head side elevation versus high flow oxygen with head side elevation against the usual practice of care in which no oxygen is provided during direct laryngoscopy on participant's oxygenation level. This will be a three arm study instituting block randomization technique. There will be no blinding due to the nature of intervention. The primary outcomes are lowest non-invasive oxygen saturation measurement during direct laryngoscopy and two minutes after the placement of the tube and first pass success rate. The intervention is unique as the investigators have introduced head side elevation up to 30 degrees for improving glottis visualization and low or high flow oxygen delivery on grounds to improve oxygenation for patient safety undergoing endotracheal intubation. The technique if proved successful can be employed as a method of airway management in the emergency room. The results of the study will open new horizons for the development of guidelines to utilize it as a routine measure, during airway management in the emergency room.

Assessment of the possible difference in masked hypertension prevalence when it is evaluated by automated office blood pressure measurement (AOBPM) instead of office blood pressure measurement (OBPM) in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.

The investigators hypothesize that sub-mental ultrasonography measures are strongly correlated with the severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and the related specific subjective scales.

The objective of this retrospective observational study will be to investigate the between the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) and Sleep Bruxism (SB), in individuals diagnosed through polysomnography (PSG).

The role of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in the management of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is not precisely defined for children. The primary objective of this study was to describe the consequences of DISE in the therapeutic management for children with OSAHS. The secondary objectives were to analyze the correlation between the number of obstructive sites found during DISE, the value of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and the type of OSAHS.

Introduction: The Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is characterized by obstructed superior airway during sleeping period promoting intermittent hypoxia-reoxygenation events. These events cause consequences such as cardiorespiratory and peripheric muscle structure alterations, which can cause reduction of the exercise tolerance. In this sense the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is important to decrease the repercussions of the illness and cooperate to maintain the exercise functional capacity. To measure this capacity, one good option is the six-minute step test (6MST), that is low cost and submaximal, in addition to being adaptable and portable. However, there are doubts if it´s really capable to determinate the functional capacity of exercise of individuals with OSA treated with CPAP. Objective: Evaluate the validity and reproducibility of 6MST to determine the functional capacity of exercise in individual with OSA treated with CPAP and develop a model of a reference equation for the performance of the test in this population. Material and methods: This is an observational, prospective and cross-sectional study, in which will be evaluated 132 volunteers (66 men and 66 women), with age between 18 and 65 years, diagnosed with OSA of moderate and severe degree, treated with CPAP for a minimum of three months, recruited of the ambulatory of pneumology of Otávio de Freitas Hospital. Initially will be collected personal and anthropometric information, answered to sleep questioners, quality of sleep and physical exercise, also respiratory muscle strength and lung function. The realization of the tests to evaluate the functional capacity of exercise will be done in two days with a maximum of seven days between the tests. In each day, the volunteers will do two 6MST and two six-minute walk test (6MWT), which order will be determined by randomization. Expected Results: It is expected that the 6MST to be showed as reproducible and capable to quantify the functional capability of exercise in individuals with OSA treated with CPAP.

This study aims to determine the overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the Belun Ring device in evaluating obstructive sleep apnea by comparing the device to the attended overnight in-lab polysomnography which is the gold standard for diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. Our hypothesis is that the Belun-Ring, a type 4 portable monitoring device, is overall sensitive and specific for evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea when compared to the attended overnight in-lab polysomnography.