Active clinical trials for "Apnea"

Sleep-disordered breathing including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an extremely common medical disorder associated with important morbidity. The purpose of this study is to understand the clinical features and course of patients with sleep apnea in Korea. Participants who are suspected of sleep apnea due to symptoms such as snoring, witnessed apneas, waking up with a choking sensation, excessive sleepiness, non-restorative sleep, difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, fatigue or tiredness, and morning headache will be prospectively recruited at the outpatient clinic of Seoul National University Hospital. After polysomnography (PSG) or respiratory polygraphy, patients with sleep apnea including OSA and central sleep apnea (CSA) will be followed regularly. Participants not having sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index < 5/hour) will only have a baseline visit. For only participants with the informed consent of donating blood, their blood samples will be collected and stored in the Seoul National University Hospital-Human Biobank (SNUH-HUB).

Validation of an integrated digital solution (SUNrise®) of mandibular movement automatic analysis by artificial intelligence versus polysomnography for obstructive sleep apnea diagnosis: a prospective, randomized, parallel-arm, open-label, multicenter, national, controlled study.

This prospective cohort study aims to compare the proportion of cardiac or cerebrovascular events after a first stroke, a first transient ischemic attack (TIA) or recurrent TIA, between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and non-SDB (control) patients, one year after SDB diagnosis, performed 3 months after stroke onset. The primary outcome is a composite endpoint composed of cardiac or cerebrovascular events regrouping: death from any cardiac or cerebrovascular cause, non-fatal stroke, and non-fatal acute coronary disease. 1620 patients, in the acute phase of a first stroke, TIA or recurrent TIA will be included in the cohort. Clinical, neuroimaging, sensorimotor, cognitive and biological parameters will be collected at inclusion. Three months after stroke or TIA onset, polysomnography will be performed for SDB diagnosis. Patients will be considered as having SDB for an Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) > 15 events/hour, or to the control group otherwise. The same clinical, imaging, cognitive and biological assessments than during the first visit will be performed; incident (new) cardiovascular events will be collected. Three months later, and at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years after SDB diagnosis, the same clinical, cognitive, sensorimotor, and sleep-related evaluations will be performed. In addition to the aforementioned parameters, incident cardiovascular outcomes will be collected, at the same time points. The primary study outcome will be retrieved one year after stroke onset.

The investigators seek to advance the understanding of obstructive sleep apnea as it relates to different ethnic origins as well as sex differences. The investigators will compare Somali patients with known obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to individuals without OSA, and to individuals of other ethnic/racial origins to determine the risk factors (genetic and/or physiologic) associated with developing cardiovascular diseases. This will help the investigators to understand the unique sleep pathology of individuals of African descent.

Sleep-disordered breathing can damage the cardiovascular system, and may also lead to dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system, endocrine disorders, and hemodynamic changes, causing multi-system and multi-organ damage. Screening for potential central-type patients among patients with respiratory disorders can help provide scientific diagnosis and treatment decisions, thus achieving precise treatment. Currently, research on the identification of sleep-disordered breathing phenotypes is in its infancy. Sleep-disordered breathing phenotypes, such as obstructive and central respiratory events, vary widely among individuals. Compared to indirect methods such as RIP and SpO2, changes in breathing sounds and snoring during sleep can more directly reflect airway obstruction. Different types of sleep-disordered breathing exhibit different characteristics in terms of snoring. Patients with obstructive sleep apnea experience narrowing or blockage of the airway due to relaxation of the throat muscles during sleep, which leads to breathing pauses and hypopnea events, resulting in decreased blood oxygen levels, arousal, and snoring. Central sleep apnea is caused by problems with the brainstem or respiratory control center, leading to breathing pauses. Snoring is usually not very prominent in patients with central sleep apnea. This study aims to screen for potential central-type patients by analyzing upper airway sounds of patients with sleep-disordered breathing, in order to achieve precise treatment.

This study will evaluate the influence of sleep apnea on clinical and radiological features of MS. Sleep apnea is associated with hypoxemia during sleep, which is likely detrimental to MS. Clinical data (MRI, lab results, medical history, labs, and sleep studies) of MS patients will be collected and analyzed. This will be done to study correlations between MRI, clinical data, lab studies and sleep studies. There is specific interest in the type of sleep apnea associated with MS, and whether MRI or clinical metrics of MS severity correlate with presence or absence of sleep apnea.

The European database ESADA, containing data from more than 30,000 patients with very different severities of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome, prospectively collects data from patients referred to academic sleep laboratories in many European countries (https://esada.med.gu.se/). Since 2007, Grenoble is one of the two French centers with Paris and is a very active participant in this European database for patient inclusion and data exploitation. The first objective of the "ESADA Follow-up and outcomes" project is to collect cardiovascular events during the follow-up of patients in the European database through telephone interviews and a structured questionnaire. Other objectives are to collect metabolic events, incident cancers and deaths in the same population using the same mean. An additional objective is to assess the impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP, the reference treatment for OSA) on the occurrence of cardiovascular and metabolic events and incident cancers, as this is still discussed in the literature.

Objectives: To assess the cardiovascular outcomes of children with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) at a mean of 5 years after they had undergone adenotonsillectomy (AT), compared to OSA children who did not undergo AT, and normal controls without OSA. Hypothesis to be tested: (1) children with OSA underwent AT would have lower cardiovascular risks, namely lower ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), better cardiac function, lower carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and lower carotid arterial thickness when compared to those with OSA but did not undergo AT, and that (2) children with OSA, despite treatment with AT, would have higher cardiovascular risks than non-OSA controls. Design: A two-centre prospective case-control follow-up study Subjects: Potential subjects for this follow-up study have been identified from two local hospitals, Prince of Wales and Kwong Wah Hospitals. AT-treated group (n=90) - Children had moderate-to-severe OSA (obstructive apnoea hypopnoea index (OAHI) >=3 events/h) and underwent AT when they were aged 5-12 years. Refused AT group (n=45) - Children had moderate-to-severe OSA but refused AT. Non-OSA control group (n=45) - Non-snoring controls with OAHI <1 event/h . Main outcome measures: 24-hour ABP, cardiac function measured by echocardiography, CIMT and carotid arterial stiffness. Data analysis: Apart from group comparisons, multiple linear regression and logistic regression analysis will also be used to examine whether cardiovascular outcomes are associated with AT, pre- and post-AT OAHI while adjusted for confounders. Expected results: AT improves cardiovascular outcomes of children with OSA. However they still had higher cardiovascular risks than normal controls even after AT.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a type of disordered breathing defined by the repetitive obstruction of airflow during sleep due to upper airway collapse. Each obstructive event contributes to decreased blood oxygen, or hypoxia. OSA has been associated with various cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, stroke, heart failure, and coronary artery disease. A factor in this association may be the decrease in blood vessel health and the marked over activation of the sympathetic nervous system that is observed in OSA due to nighttime hypoxia. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for maintaining heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) balance. Elevated sympathetic nervous activity (SNA) is a likely cause of hypertension and subsequent cardiovascular disease. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the most accepted treatment for OSA and has been shown to improve high blood pressure and SNA in patients. An alternative therapy for OSA is a type of removable oral appliance known as a mandibular advancement device (MAD). Currently, there is no research directly measuring SNA in OSA patients using MADs. In addition to other cardiovascular markers, the investigators would like to directly assess SNA during a MAD intervention using the gold standard technique of microneurography. The investigators believe this will provide important information for the management of OSA, as levels of SNA are known to respond to both acute and chronic levels of hypoxia. Improved heart and blood vessel markers could further support MAD use, providing an important alternative therapy for those that can not tolerate CPAP.

Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) used as diagnostic tool but not yet as a therapeutic procedures to manage the upper airway of snorers and obstructive sleep apnea patients in conditions that mimic natural sleep, there are many aspects that need to be standardized in order to obtain reliable and reproducible information result in cryotherapy at sites of vibration as origin of snoring and site of collapse.