Active clinical trials for "Apnea"

Sleep disordered breathing is a common and serious health problem. According to epidemiological data, it may affect about 20% of adult population. The majority is not aware of the disease. The most common sleep disorder is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The essence of OSA are the episodes of airway obstruction repeated many times during sleep, as a result of which the level of partial oxygen in the blood decreases. Apnea episodes end up waking from sleep, causing sleep fragmentation, deep sleep and REM deficiency. Frequent complications of OSA are hypertension, stroke, cardiac arrhythmia, coronary artery disease and pulmonary hypertension. Comorbid Insomnia and Sleep Apnea (COMISA) is a highly prevalent and debilitating disorder that causes additional disturbances in sleep, daytime functioning, and quality of life for patients, and is a significant diagnostic and therapeutic problem for clinicians. Although the presence of COMISA was first noticed by Christian Guilleminault and his colleagues in 1973, it received very little research attention for almost three decades. There is still lack ofclinical trials concerning this topic. An additional problem in apnea patients is the increased incidence of bruxism. Bruxism is associated with increased masticatory muscle activity during sleep, which may be phased or tonic. It is estimated that the incidence of bruxism in the adult population is 13%. The most common symptoms of bruxism include: pathological wear and tooth sensitivity, damage to the periodontium and oral mucosa, muscle pain in the stomatognathic system, headaches and damage to prosthetic restorations. However, the symptoms of bruxism can go unnoticed for a long time, leaving patients often unaware of the problem. The aim of this project is: to determine the prevalence of sleep bruxism in COMISA, OSA and insomnia, to examine of arousals (type, frequency) in COMISA, OSA and insomnia, to investigate the relationship between arousals and blood pressure values and variability, arrhythmias, sinus rhythm variability, vascular endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular risk in COMISA, OSA and insomnia.

The purpose of this research study is to develop a way of predicting with computers how surgery on the airway will affect night time breathing called Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in children with Down Syndrome. A research measurement for airway resistance will also be done during the clinical sleep MRI. The airway resistance measurement will take about 10 minutes and is done during sleep. The airway resistance measurement is called critical closing pressure (Pcrit).

The role of control of peri-pharyngeal muscle tone in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is obvious: pharyngeal obstruction occurs only during sleep; and pharyngeal collapse occurs in almost all healthy subjects during anesthesia. Better understanding of these control mechanisms may help identifying the central components of the pathogenesis of OSA.

To evaluate the impact of early ventilation in stroke outcomes in patients with sleep apnea and first ever stroke, 1 month after stroke.

Obesity is a common risk factor for the development of obstructive sleep apnea. However, not all subjects with obesity develop obstructive sleep apnea. This study will attempt to determine the mechanistic drivers between obesity and obstructive sleep apnea.

Uncontrolled hypertension is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and mortality. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in hypertension and treatment using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been shown to effectively lower blood pressure. Despite its clinical significance, OSA remains underdiagnosed in patients with hypertension, because the current standard of care to diagnose OSA is in-laboratory polysomnography, which is inconvenient and often inaccessible for high-risk populations. An alternative to in-laboratory polysomnography is home sleep apnea testing, which has been validated against in-laboratory polysomnography and may be more convenient, accessible, and potentially cost-effective. The objective of this study is to compare home sleep apnea testing to in-laboratory polysomnography in a randomized controlled trial. The investigators will assess whether the use of home sleep apnea testing, compared to use of in-laboratory polysomnography, leads to higher rates of OSA diagnosis and treatment using CPAP, a reduction in blood pressure, improved sleep-related outcomes, and greater patient satisfaction among patients with hypertension at 6 months. The investigators will also assess whether home testing is cost-effective.

Despite the advances in the treatment of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE), the readmissions rates and cardiovascular events remain very high. In this context, it is possible that other potential risk factors may influence the poor prognosis of the ACPE. One of these potential candidates is Obstructive Sleep Apnea(OSA). This study was designed to evaluate the impact of OSA treatment with CPAP in consecutive patients with ACPE. The primary outcome will be to evaluate the impact of CPAP on the recurrence of ACPE in the 1-year follow-up.

Prospective, interventional cohort study of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) to evaluate the upper airway in a cohort of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) surgical patients. This study has investigated the reliability of this technique, demonstrating moderate-substantial interrater and test-retest reliability. This research has also compared DISE findings to those of the lateral cephalogram X-ray and examined DISE findings in individuals who have not responded to previous sleep apnea surgery. These papers have been published and available through PubMed. Additional research is ongoing, with examination of DISE findings, comparison to other evaluation techniques, and the association between DISE findings and surgical outcomes.

Comparison of the NightBalance Sleep Position Trainer (SPT) to Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) for the Treatment of Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea (POSA). Primary Objective: Efficacy and Adherence of the SPT over 3 months of use compared to PAP for the treatment of POSA. The study is run from centers in France, the UK and Germany.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of beginning a renal replacement therapy on fluid overload and its consequence on the severity of obstructive sleep apnea, in patients with end stage chronic kidney disease. It aims further to investigate the relationship between overhydration, nocturnal rostral fluid shift and the severity of sleep apnea.