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Active clinical trials for "Atherosclerosis"

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Firefighter Aged Garlic Extract Investigation With CoQ10 as a Treatment for Heart Disease (FAITH)...

Coronary AtherosclerosisCoronary Artery Calcification1 more

Statement of Problem According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 43.7% of all firefighters that died on the job experienced sudden cardiac death. The job also affords an incredible amount of stress. Cholesterol therapy has been well demonstrated to reduce coronary plaque progression. However is certainly not the only factor in evaluating for progression of coronary artery disease (CAD), and other factors must play a role. Garlic therapy has been shown to retard atherosclerosis independently. Hypothesis and Specific Aims The hypothesis of this proposal is: In comparison to the placebo group, Aged Garlic Extract (AGE) therapy + Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) will be effective in slowing progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in firefighters with established atherosclerosis, independent of baseline blood pressure, statin use or other cardiovascular risk factors. Specific Aims: Compare the effects of cholesterol lowering effects in a firefighter population of patients under the influence of Aged Garlic Extract + CoQ10 or placebo. Compare whether degree of change in atherosclerotic coronary artery plaque burden will change at a different rate under the influence of Aged Garlic Extract + CoQ10 compared to placebo treatment. Compare whether Aged Garlic Extract + CoQ10 therapy induces changes in baseline values including biological and biochemical parameters, such as LDL cholesterol, homocysteine, C-reactive protein (CRP), and endothelial function.

Completed25 enrollment criteria

Omega-3 Fatty Acids, the Omega-3 Index, and Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis

An increase in intake of omega-3 fatty acids should increase the Omega-3 Index. Current evidence indicates that this may lead to a reduction in risk for sudden cardiac death and atherosclerotic diseases like myocardial infarction. The aim of the study is to investigate, how supplementing a convenience drink with omega-3 fatty acids influences the Omega-3 Index, as compared to an unsupplemented matching convenience drink. Palatability and safety of the drink are also to be assessed.

Completed15 enrollment criteria

Effects of Worksite Wellness Interventions on Vascular Function, Insulin Sensitivity and High-Density...

AtherosclerosisDiabetes Mellitus3 more

Employees in developed societies are becoming increasingly sedentary at work and at home due to technological advances. Physical inactivity coupled with excess intake of calorie-rich foods are responsible for the epidemic of obesity. In population cohorts, physical inactivity and obesity increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Because of the impact on productivity and health care costs, many businesses and other organizations have initiated "wellness" programs, often with facilities at the work site to encourage exercise. Although these programs have often resulted in improved fitness for participants, weight loss has been more difficult to achieve. In this regard, in our initial study of NIH employees participating in NHLBI's Keep the Beat program--two-thirds of whom were overweight or obese--we found improved exercise fitness after 3 months of participation, with exercise averaging 20 minutes each work day, but no significant weight loss. Associated with greater fitness in our participants was improvement in endothelial function, an important biomarker of cardiovascular risk. Because level of fitness is a strong predictor of cardiovascular (and total) mortality in population studies, some investigators and thought leaders have proposed that it is acceptable to be "fat and fit." We found in our study, however, that exercise alone has little effect on insulin sensitivity and other biomarkers of risk, including C-reactive protein, which could limit further improvement in endothelial function and even greater risk reduction. We propose to test in this protocol whether weight loss through supervised nutritional counseling and daily exercise at worksite facilities confers health benefits beyond those achieved with improved fitness alone, such as improvement in endothelial function, arterial compliance, insulin sensitivity, markers of inflammation in blood and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) structure and function. Because obesity in a sedentary workforce environment is especially prevalent among women, with additional contribution of menopause to obesity, our study will be restricted to overweight and obese women to allow appropriate analysis in a cohort of manageable size for our testing resources. The primary endpoint will be differential improvement in endothelial function, as determined by brachial artery reactivity to shear stress, from baseline to 6 months in participants randomized to exercise coupled with weight-loss intervention versus subjects randomized to exercise alone. Secondary analyses will include comparisons of adiposity, arterial stiffness, insulin sensitivity, HDL subparticles and function, and markers of inflammation and adipokines in blood, with exploratory analyses of minorities and age/hormonal interactions. Demonstration of improved vascular function and other biomarkers of cardiovascular risk with improved fitness combined with weight loss may serve as an incentive for greater participation in organization-initiated wellness programs with emphasis both on exercise and on personalized nutritional counseling.

Completed13 enrollment criteria

Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Menaquinone-7 on Thrombotic Tendency

Atherosclerosis

Omega-3 fatty acids are notably present in fish oil and krill oil, and are known to have beneficial effects on the vasculature. Vitamin K2 is known for preventing vascular calcification. In this study we investigate a potential synergy between the effects of either fish or krill oil and menaquinone-7, which is one of K2 vitamins.

Completed7 enrollment criteria

Diet and Omega-3 Intervention Trial on Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis

The study was actuated to evaluate the effects of a 3-year intervention with diet and/or very long chain omega-3 (VLC n-3 PUFA), in a randomized 2x2 factorial design on the progression of atherosclerosis in a high risk population. A total of 563 elderly men were included and randomized to receive usual care and VLC n-3 placebo capsules (control group), dietary advice and VLC n-3 placebo capsules, usual care and VLC n-3 capsules, and finally both VLC n-3 capsules and dietary advice. The evaluation of atherosclerosis were i) ultrasound measurement of carotid intima media thickening ii) pulse wave propagation time iii) circulating biomarkers of atherosclerosis.

Completed6 enrollment criteria

Trial of Clopidogrel After Surgery for Coronary Artery Disease (CASCADE Trial)

Atherosclerosis

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the combination of clopidogrel with aspirin prevents the development of blockages (atherosclerosis) in vein grafts one year after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) compared to aspirin alone.

Completed12 enrollment criteria

Trial to Assess the Ocular Safety of Vorapaxar (SCH 530348) in Participants With Atherosclerosis...

AtherosclerosisIschemia2 more

This study is designed to evaluate the long-term ocular safety of SCH 530348 (vorapaxar) in participants with established atherosclerotic disease who are enrolled into the TRA 2°P - TIMI 50 Study (P04737) (NCT00526474).

Completed10 enrollment criteria

Aspirin and Statins for Prevention of Atherosclerosis and Arterial Thromboembolism in Systemic Lupus...

AtherosclerosisThromboembolism1 more

The purpose of this trial is to study if aspirin and statins (lipid-lowering agents) can reduce the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Completed23 enrollment criteria

Intensive Glycemic Control and Skeletal Health Study

AtherosclerosisCardiovascular Diseases4 more

The purpose of the ACCORD-BONE Study is to investigate the effects of intensive glycemic control for type 2 diabetes (in ACCORD participants) on factors related to bone health, including, fractures, falls, and bone mineral density.

Completed3 enrollment criteria

ELITE: Early Versus Late Intervention Trial With Estradiol

Atherosclerosis

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of oral 17B-estradiol (estrogen) on the progression of early (subclinical) atherosclerosis and cognitive decline in healthy postmenopausal women.

Completed15 enrollment criteria
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