Active clinical trials for "Atherosclerosis"

The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of aortic stent surgery versus exercise therapy in individuals with aortoiliac insufficiency.

The aim of the study is to determine, wheather strict dietary intervention with the use of the DASH diet atop of optimal medical treatment reduces previously diagnosed coronary atherosclerotic lesions assessed witch coronary computed tomography.

Rotational atherectomy (RA) prior to angioplasty is the reference treatment for highly calcified atherosclerotic coronary lesions. It aims at fragmenting calcium deposits into microscopic particulates to allow less hazardous coronary revascularization and stenting. The main drawback associated with the procedure is the subsequent enhancement of platelet aggregation which promotes the distal embolization of micro-thrombi and atherosclerotic fragments. In order to limit these complications, a double antiplatelet therapy is required (generally Clopidogrel + Aspirin) when RA procedures are performed. Clopidogrel inhibits the protein P2Y12 which is a cornerstone in platelet aggregation. Ticagrelor is a new antiplatelet agent that provides faster and greater P2Y12 inhibition than Clopidogrel. It is currently indicated to reduce risk of cardiovascular events in patients hospitalized for coronary revascularization after an acute coronary syndrome. Ticagrelor has never been evaluated so far in stable coronary patients treated with rotational atherectomy prior to angioplasty.

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the rate of stroke and/or death in patients treated with the Wingspan Stent System, according to the Indications for Use, within 72 hours post procedure.

To investigate the diagnostic performance of whole body magnetic resonance angiography (WB-MRA) using two different magnetic resonance scanners at a field strength of 1.5 and 3T. The hypothesis is that use of the 3T system gives superior signals from the investigated arteries, when compared with 1.5T.

The study is designed to determine whether vorapaxar, when added to the existing standard of care (SOC) for preventing heart attack and stroke (eg, aspirin, clopidogrel) in participants with a known history of atherosclerosis, will yield additional benefit over the existing standard of care without vorapaxar in preventing heart attack and stroke. The study is also designed to assess risk of bleeding with vorapaxar added to the standard of care versus the standard of care alone.

In this study, multimodal imaging of atherosclerosis and dosage of new circulating biomarkers will be used to compare patients with stable or unstable coronary artery disease

According to the recommendations of the Inter-Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (TASC II) statement and the Russian guidelines for limb ischemia treatment (2010), reconstructive surgery is preferred for type D lesions.

Coronary artery calcification is a sign of heart disease. A nuclear medicine PET-CT test using sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) radioisotope has been shown to help identify growing calcification plaques early on in the disease process. It is known that diabetic patients are at a high risk of developing premature coronary disease; the investigators intend to use this new technology to identify those patients at higher risk of developing coronary artery disease.

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) is thought to promote coronary artery disease via a number of mechanisms: abnormal lipid profiles, endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, insulin resistance and renal impairment are the main pathological mechanisms driving atherosclerosis as a consequence of cART. An association between protease inhibitors and increased cardiovascular disease risk has been shown in many large cohort trials. CT Coronary Angiography (CTCA) is now widely used to assess for the presence of atherosclerosis, typically in patients presenting with chest pain. This imaging technique allows visualisation of the coronary arteries and quantification of any atherosclerotic disease that may be present. This technique is being increasingly used as a surrogate for cardiovascular disease risk. HART CT is an open label, prospective, randomised-control pilot study to investigate the feasibility of performing a future appropriately powered multi-centred randomised control trial using CT based outcome data as a surrogate for cardiovascular disease risk. Participants will be randomised to either continue their usual cART or switch to Biktarvy (a fixed dose combination of bictegravir, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide). A baseline CT scan will be performed. If there is any evidence of atherosclerosis a further CT scan will be performed at the end of the study (approximately 48 weeks). This will allow quantification of any change in coronary artery plaque burden or characteristic. Participants will be also followed up for any changes in metabolic health.