Active clinical trials for "Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders"

Background: Mental health problems cause a disproportionate burden of disability among children and youth compared to adults. Primary care plays an important role in efforts to prevent and intervene early in the course of child and adolescent mental health problems. While research with adults has shown the feasibility of integrating mental health care into primary care settings, there have been few studies among children and youth. Evidence remains lacking that integration is feasible in diverse settings, that it improves outcomes, and that methods can be developed to address the mixed symptoms of emerging child/youth problems and their overlap with developmental and parental disorders. Goals: The purpose of this project is to test the effectiveness of adding a child/youth mental health component into an existing collaborative care program for adult mental health problems. The work will refine a framework for efficient cultural adaption and tailoring of an existing child/youth primary care mental health intervention and then test whether the tailored intervention results in improved child and parent outcomes. The work will also provide evidence about the mechanisms by which those outcomes are achieved and what factors influence uptake of the child/youth component by general practitioners (GPs). These results should be generalizable to low and middle income countries and to underserved areas of the US where there are minimal child mental health resources and family physicians provide the bulk of medical care for children and youth. Methods: The planned work involves the adaptation/tailoring process followed by a trial with 45 GPs already engaged in collaborative care for adults; the trial will study adding collaborative care for children ages 5-15. GPs will be randomly assigned in groups to begin 6-month control periods involving child mental health screening and referral. They will then receive child/youth training and begin second 6-month periods of screening plus ongoing coaching and booster sessions and collaborative management. Primary outcomes will be measured by recruiting and following for 6 months two cohorts of children/youth and their parents (one control, one collaborative care). Data collected from GPs, parents, youth, and the collaborative care data system will allow measurement of key factors that determine the program's success in helping children and families.

The study goal is to examine whether the use of an objective computerized neuroassessment (the Quotient System) for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is related to improved outcomes among pediatric patients being assessed and treated for ADHD.

The efficacy of the computer based Treatment Program for Children with Aggressive Behaviour (Soziales computerunterstütztes Training für Kinder mit aggressivem Verhalten, ScouT) which is a child focused social competence training delivered in an individual format will be evaluated in a randomized controlled trial with children aged 6 to 12 years with peer-related aggressive behaviour.

The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral based guided self-help for parents of children with externalizing problem behavior is tested in a randomized clinical trial. Parents work through cognitive-behavioral self-help booklets and additionally receive counseling telephone calls every two weeks. In the control condition parents are provided non-directive self-help booklets and additionally receive counseling telephone calls. It is hypothesized that the cognitive-behavioral treatment is superior.

Having both depression and conduct problems at the same time has been found to be associated with increased risk for the other and increased risk of negative outcomes. This study will develop an family based cognitive behavioral treatment protocol for youths with both conduct problems and depression, that will take be administered over the course of six months. Youth with comorbid conduct problems and depression will be assigned to the experimental condition or treatment as usual in a community care setting. The treatment manual will be revised as needed. Youth will be assessed before and after treatment to examine program potential. The goal of this research is to develop a more comprehensive outpatient treatment for youth with both conduct problems and depression.

The goal of this 1-year project is to evaluate a service delivery model by peer support organizations to increase mental health service access and utilization for children at risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from socioeconomically disadvantaged, urban communities. Behavioral parent training [BPT] currently delivered directly by Family Peer Advocates (FPAs), will be evaluated in a sample of 18 families on child outcomes.

Background: - Disruptive behavior is a common problem for children and adolescents. It can be treated with some success with stimulant medicine. Researchers want to learn more about how this works. Objective: - To learn how the brain changes when taking the medicine methylphenidate for behavior problems. Eligibility: Children ages 10 17 with conduct disorder and/or attention deficit disorder. Healthy volunteers the same age. Design: Participants will be screened under a separate protocol. Participants will have two 3-hour sessions at the clinic. Girls who are menstruating will have a pregnancy test before their scans. Visit 1: All participants will: Perform simple tests on a computer. Fill out a questionnaire along with their parent or guardian. Have an MRI scan. A magnetic field and radio waves take pictures of the brain. Participants will lie on a table that slides into a metal cylinder. A coil will be placed over their head. They will be in the scanner for 60 minutes, lying still or performing a simple task. They will practice the task before the scan. A computer screen will show them task information during the scan. The scanner makes loud knocking sounds. Participants will get earplugs. Their parent or guardian can stay with them during the scan. Only participants with behavior disorders will: Take a pill of the study medicine or placebo. Be monitored for any side effects. Visit 2 is a repeat of Visit 1, except participants who got a pill in Visit 1 will get the other pill in Visit 2. For healthy volunteers, the 2 visits are exactly the same.

This small pilot study will enroll children ages 5-12 years of age with disruptive behavior problems at school. These children and their families will be offered an enhanced model of primary care, which includes pre-visit record review, standardized content of primary care visits, post-visit care coordination by the primary care team, and coordination of services between the primary care team and the school. We hypothesize that children receiving this enhanced model of care will achieve better behavioral outcomes at both school and home.

This study investigates the psychophysiological responses to aversive stimuli in a population of 133 children clinically diagnosed with conduct disorder (CD) and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants were administered with either omega-3 or placebo for a period of 6 months and were exposed to three stimuli every three months: 1) a loud sound, 2) threatening photographs from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS), and 3) the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST). Participants' psychophysiological features of heart rate and galvanic skin conductance were measured and analyzed in relation to their omega-3/placebo condition clinical diagnosis.

Oppositional defiant and conduct disorders are the most frequent bases for referral of children and adolescents. These disorders are difficult to treat among school-aged children and adolescents. When they become adults they are likely to manifest depressive disorders, substance abuse or dependence, and criminal behavior. These disorders are also two of the costly childhood disorders. The aim of the study is to assess the preventive effect of parent management training in preschool children at risk for oppositional defiant and conduct disorders because of high aggression scores on a parent questionnaire. It is hypothesized that given the relatively restricted costs of the intervention and the substantial costs of burden associated with these children, the intervention will be cost saving.